The Supervision in Social Work. The Michael Baliant Method in Providing Psychological Support for Social Workers, Policemen, Soldiers, and Firemen

Karol Mausch The Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland The Supervision in Social Work. The Michael Baliant Method in Providing Psychological Support for Social Workers, Policemen, Soldiers, and Firemen Summary The social worker or policemen should have broad skills in mobilizing people to action for individuals and groups. Looking at the particular desirable personality traits and skills of social workers can conclude that the emotional and somatic personality include: empathy, the ability to recognize emotions in themselves and others, the ability to control their own emotions and influence it, emotional balance, good mental health and psycho‑ somatic. The personal development of social workers involved in helping Balint groups. Keywords: stress, illness, social work, Balint group Introduction Social workers are exposed to risky situations in life, including stress, burnout, illness resulting from stress and other negative factors. Research and professional practice suggest that among the many personality traits that need to be taken into account when selecting people to work in the field of social work, the following types of intelligence should be consideres: 1. cognitive, 2. emotional, 3. spiritual and 4. social. The article discusses the role and importance in the work of social workers, policemen, soldiers mentioned types of intelligence. Researchers and practitioners are increasingly devoting more attention to subjective factors conducive to human welfare. This problem has traditionally been studied in terms of objective indicators such as income, health and living conditions, etc. It is known, however, that the economic indicators are important for the proper development of the people and the nation. As many studies show, it is also important to identify and measure of subjective welfare indicators, relating Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa nr 5/2018 to an individual assessment of their own well‍‑being, life satisfaction, social rela‑ tionships, work and health goals and personal accomplishments1. In the field of health psychology many studies indicate a need to consider the quality of life as a proper interpretation of the concept of the health perspective subjective. Furthermore, the quality of life must be considered, not only in relation to health. It is a broader concept, moving areas and activities of daily life, which does not necessarily depend on the condition of man and can go beyond physical limitations. All individuals, depending on their health status, social roles, person‑ ality, style of interaction with the environment, develop their personality which means good quality of life2. Most researchers agree that health is a multidimensional construct that includes the physical, social and psychological dimensions. This approach was first expressed in the Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and reaffirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) meeting in Alma‍‑Ata (1986), where it was confirmed that health cannot be treated only as a lack of pathological symptoms, but also to be they understand the physical and psychological well‍‑being. At the same time it formulated the principles of a new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of dis‑ eases: created biopsychosocial model of health. George Engel said that limitations and weaknesses of the biomedical model of Western medicine, which focuses on the symptoms and physical ailments, and offered a broader view of the problem, focused on the patient as a person, as a carrier of specific cultural characteristics, that gives an individual sense and experience of health and illness3. The International Classification of Functioning (ICF), issued by WHO in 2001, stresses the need for evaluation of health conditions from a positive perspec‑ tive, i.e. from the perspective of human functioning. ICF evaluated in a study of what people are currently doing in their daily lives and in the environment. This approach changes the point of view of science and study the consequences of the disease (such as discomfort or limitation of activity) on the determination of the components of health in terms of physical disease sources, daily activity and par‑ ticipation in social life. The salutogenetic perspective emphasizes the active role of the person in the interaction with the environment. It is clear that two people in the same state of health may exhibit different levels of operation. It depends on variables that are different from physical condition, but not least are health related: 1 2 3 A. Fave, The impast of subjective experience on the quality of life, [in:] M. Csikszentmihalyi, I.S. Csik‑ szentmihalyi, A Life Worth Living, Oxford 2006. Ibidem. Ibidem. 122 Karol Mausch, The Superviosion in Social Work... personality traits, family support and social environment, economic and financial situation, level of education, level of knowledge of the culture, social policy. With respect to persons engaged in professions such social workers, educa‑ tors, teachers, therapists, policemen, soldiers, firemen etc., which rely on helping other people in vulnerable situations, health understood multidimensional feature is necessary for competent and effective action. Selection and selection of employ‑ ees to these professions should therefore include a psychological evaluation, and it should take into account, among others, the level of sense of life, noo‍‑psychosomatic health, resistance to stress, etc. Investigated social workers, policemen, probation officers, social animators have a common interest: human survival and suffering. Looking at the particular desirable personality traits and skills of social workers, policemen etc. beyond the appropriate level of sense of life, we can say that the emotional and somatic personality include: empathy, the ability to recognize emo‑ tions in themselves and others, the ability to reign – to the extent possible – the their emotions, emotional balance, good mental health, and psychosomatic health. In the sphere of cognitive and behavioral competencies to the desired policemen, social workers etc. include: the willingness to listen, the ability to gain trust, com‑ munication, objectivity, and decisiveness. Many of these features is formed in the process of education and personality development, and depends on genetic predispo‑ sition. Competences of personality needed to act as a professional policemen social worker can and should be developed also on the job, by participating in trainings and workshops developing emotional intelligence, improving accurate recognition and naming of emotions, their expression, control emotions, control of impulses emotional, stress management and limiting its effects, postponing the time satisfy‑ ing their own desires, deepening of insight into their own psychophysical states, to develop their own spirituality, religion, communication skills, and social intel‑ ligence – which consists of cognitive and emotional in (...truncated)