JUSTIFICATION OF CRITERIA FOR ROPEWAYS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

ISSN 2307–3489 (Print), ІSSN 2307–6666 (Online) Наука та прогрес транспорту. Вісник Дніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2019, № 6 (84) ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ, ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ СИСТЕМИ ТА КОМПЛЕКСИ UDC 625.57:621.311 S. V. RAKSHA1*, O. S. KUROPIATNYK2*, O. L. KRASNOSHCHOK3* 1*Dep. «Applied Mechanics and Materials Science», Dnipro National University named after Academician V. Lazaryan, Lazaryana St., 2, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49010, tel. +38 (056) 373 15 18, e-mail , ORCID 0000-0002-4118-1341 2*Dep. «Applied Mechanics and Materials Science», Dnipro National University named after Academician V. Lazaryan, Lazaryana St., 2, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49010, tel. +38 (050) 674 26 44, e-mail , ORCID 0000-0001-5581-3883 3*Dep. «Applied Mechanics and Materials Science», Dnipro National University named after Academician V. Lazaryan, Lazaryana St., 2, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49010, tel. +38 (098) 706 27 43, e-mail , ORCID 0000-0002-0140-5179 JUSTIFICATION OF CRITERIA FOR ROPEWAYS ENERGY EFFICIENCY Purpose. The article is aimed to form and justify the energy efficiency indicators of ropeways of traditional design and ropeways with self-propelled wagons based on the determination and comparison of their values. The substantiation of the energy efficiency criteria of ropeway wagons allows us to determine fully the direction of further research in the field of development of alternative transport mode. Methodology. To obtain initial data, the authors reviewed the world trends in the development of ropeway wagons, proposed analytical formulas for determining criteria for ropeways` energy efficiency used to compare traditional ropeways and ropeways with self-propelled wagons. Herewith, we took into account the influence of the loading degree and rated power on the electric motor efficiency. In order to take into account the energy dissipation in the haul rope through its elastic properties, the concept of the efficiency coefficient of the haul rope was introduced. Findings. The authors formed a methodology for calculating the efficiency of ropeways, developed formulas for determining energy efficiency. We assessed the influence of the ropeway characteristics on their calculated values; constructed dependence graphs of the selfpropelled ropeway efficiency coefficient on the rated electric motor power and the efficiency coefficient on the ropeway drive loading, as well as compared general efficiency coefficients for ropeways with self-propelled wagons and for ropeways of traditional design. The results are based on the averaged values of the electric motors parameters at their different loads. Originality. The authors first proposed and justified the energy-efficiency criteria for ropeways that make it possible a comparative analysis of traditional ropeways and those with self-propelled wagons. We determined the dependence of these indicators on the ropeway parameters. Practical value. The results of the comparative analysis of traditional construction of ropeways and the ropeways with self-propelled wagons, based on the proposed energy efficiency indicators, can be used to substantiate the feasibility of using certain type of ropeways for the implementation of individual transport processes. The construction diagram of a self-propelled wagon can be used in the development of energy efficient passenger ropeway projects. Keywords: ropeway; energy efficiency; self-propelled wagons; alternative transport; specific energy consumption; efficiency coefficient Introduction Throughout the world, ropeway is called the transport of the future. Modern transport complexes must fully meet the urban needs of passengers Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International doi: https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2019/195601 60 and freight traffic. Aerial ropeway for any terrain has low construction and operation costs. Ecological cleanliness, safety, movement speed, considerable carrying capacity – these factors have become decisive for the use of ropeway transport not only © S. V. Raksha, O. S. Kuropiatnyk, O. L. Krasnoshchok, 2019 ISSN 2307–3489 (Print), ІSSN 2307–6666 (Online) Наука та прогрес транспорту. Вісник Дніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2019, № 6 (84) ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ, ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ СИСТЕМИ ТА КОМПЛЕКСИ for tourist entertainment, but also for passenger transportation along with the traditional transport modes – by cars, railways, trams and so on. The use of aerial ropeways helps to reduce the traffic load on automobile roads. The ropeways can have a long distance between supports, pass over houses, settlements, forest stands, and overcome longrange water obstacles. Aerial ropeways are a versatile transport mode that has significant advantages over existing transport that provide transportation of goods and people. The volume of construction and maintenance costs for ropeways is much lower than the corresponding values that characterize other modes of transport [6]. The use of modern technologies has made it possible to create reliable transport systems integrated into the urban environment. Economic efficiency is one of the main indicators of ropeway transport [15]. The use of rope haulage is explained by the lower power consumption due to the combination of end (and intermediate) destination points over the shortest distance. There is also a possibility to adjust the number of cars on the route depending on the line congestion and the possibility of work automation on the sections between the city districts. When designing a ropeway, one searches for an optimum-compromise solution that meets the requirements of economic efficiency, manufacturability and safety. Comparative evaluation of the effective introduction into operation of wagons and energysaving technologies, productivity and economic efficiency of machines and units is carried out using the operating and reduced costs [12]. a b c The rules for the construction and safe operation of aerial ropeways of the Labor Safety Laws and Regulations 60.2-1.02-14 set safety requirements for the equipment of ropeways for transportation of passengers and apply to economic entities regardless of ownership and organizational and legal forms involved in its manufacture, installation, dismantling, adjustment, operation, repair, maintenance and modernization [9]. Let us compare the types of passenger ropeways by the number of ropes. In single-rope ropeways, the rope performs both traction and carrying functions at the same time. When passing the pick-up and drop-off zones, it is possible to stop the wagons; at the same time, the system has high carrying capacity. Single-rope ropeways are becoming more widespread in today's urban mobility. The main characteristics of this type of ropeway are as follows [1]: – carrying capacity – up to 4,500 people/hour; – wagon movement speed – up to 6 m/sec; – wagon capacity – up to 10 people. Two- and multi-rope ropeways have one haul rope and move along one or two (...truncated)