Application of Listening Reading Technique in Improving the Ability to Read the “Kitab Kuning” of Santri

„A Jamiy: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Available Online at http://journal.umgo.ac.id/index.php/AJamiy Volume 9 , No. 2, September 2020, 239-251 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/ajamiy.9.2.239-251.2020 Application of Listening Reading Technique in Improving the Ability to Read the “Kitab Kuning” of Santri Author: Bambang Irawan Lecturer of State Islamic Institute of Jember, East Java, Indonesia Email: Diterima:2020-07-18 ; Disetujui: 2020-07-18 ; Dipublikasikan: 2020-07-21 Abstrak: Artikel ini merupakan hasil kajian penelitian yang membahas tentang Penerapan Teknik Baca Simak dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Kitab Kuning Santri Putri di Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Ulum Melokorejo Kabupaten Jember. Berdasarkan analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teknik baca simak dalam meningkatkan kemampuan baca kitab santri merupakan suatu metode pengajaran yang menyajikan materi pelajaran yang diawali dengan mengutamakan aspek membaca, yakni guru mula-mula membacakan topik-topik bacaan, kemudian diikuti oleh para santri. Tapi terkadang guru menunjuk langsung salah satu santri untuk membacakan pelajaran tertentu lebih dulu, dan tentu santri yang lain memperhatikan dan mengikutinya. Metode membaca selain menekankan kemampuan membaca, juga memandang penting kemampuan pengucapan yang benar. Sehingga kemampuan ini dipandang dapat membantu para santri untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam membaca kitab. Kata Kunci : Teknik Baca Simak; Kemampuan Membaca; Kitab Kuning Abstract This article is the result of a research study that discusses the Application of Reading Reading Techniques in Improving the Ability to Read the ―kitab kuning‖ of Santri Putri at the Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Ulum Melokorejo, Jember Regency. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that the application of reading reading techniques in improving the reading ability of the santri book is a teaching method that presents subject matter that begins with prioritizing aspects of reading, i.e. the teacher first reads the reading topics, then is followed by the santri. However, sometimes the teacher directly appoints one of the students to read an individual lesson first, and of course, the other students pay attention and follow it. The method of reading besides emphasizing reading ability also considers the importance of correct pronunciation. So this ability is seen to help the students to improve their ability to read the book. Keywords: Listening Reading Technique; Reading Ability; ―kitab kuning‖ ‘A Jami Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab ISSN: 2252-9926 (Print), ISSN: 2657-2206 (Online) 239 A. Introduction The existence of pesantren in national education can be seen concerning the national education sub-system. Although Islamic Boarding School Education has added formal educational channels, the character of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia cannot be separated from its main elements, namely: clerics, students, huts, mosques and literature books. Among the many things that are interesting from the pesantren and which are not found in other institutions are its standard subjects which are textualized in the salaf/classic books which are now popularly introduced as the ―kitab kuning‖.1 Almost no doubt the ―kitab kuning‖ has a significant role not only in the transmission of Islamic science, not only among the santri community but also during the Indonesian Muslim community as a whole. The ―kitab kuning‖ primarily written by Islamic scholars and thinkers in this region is a reflection of the development of Indonesian Islamic intellectualism and scientific traditions, even within a specific time limit, the ―kitab kuning‖ also reflects the development of Islamic social history in this region. 2 The teaching of the ―kitab kuning‖ is essential for pesantren to facilitate the process of deep religious understanding so that they can formulate new but unhistorical explanations about the teachings of Islam, the Koran and al-Hadith. So to better read the explanation of the Koran, the ―kitab kuning‖ written by previous scholars shows its function. In carrying out educational activities, of course, an educator requires knowledge in delivering subject matter called the teaching method. In brief, the method is the path taken so that the material can be mastered efficiently, therefore, the type of learning method to be used depends on the character of the material being studied.3 In general, the learning methods used at pesantren include; listening reading technique, bandungan, deliberation, memorization and lalaran. The five methods are the speciality of pesantren, and the five also indicate the role of Kyai is very dominant in learning activities and pesantren orientation that encourages his students to master the material as a whole, and the five learning methods above 1 Ahmad Zarkasyi, ‗Konsep Pengembangan Program Unggulan Di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam‘, Jurnal Al-Makrifat V, 1.1 (2016), 35–52. 2 Cutri A Tjalau, ‗Thariqah Al-Ta‘lim Al-Siyaq Al-Lugawiy Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab‘, Jurnal ‘A Jamiy: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Arab, 08.2 (2019), 101–35. 3 Lailatul Fitriyah, ‗Pendidikan Literasi Pada Pembelajaran Kitab Kuning Di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Sukaraja‘, 11.1 (2019), 20–30. ‘A Jami Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab ISSN: 2252-9926 (Print), ISSN: 2657-2206 (Online) 240 are applied with various learning techniques. 4 The listening reading technique is for early-stage and advanced level students, the illustration shown by Abu Bakar Aceh above is the sorogan for initial level students, where the book offered has been affixed with ma'na (meaning), position (tarkib, for example, mubtada 'khabar, and etc.), even sadly, this level does not require high grammatical abilities, at this stage students are expected to read the ―kitab kuning‖ understanding system so that they are accustomed to affixing ma'na effectively and efficiently. From the reading method, you can take several techniques that will be used as research in this proposal, namely the technique of reading and questioning and question and answer, because reading plays an essential role for the development of knowledge and because the most significant percentage of knowledge transfer is done through reading, and in the learning process, listening skills dominate student activity compared to other skills.5 Furthermore, to measure the ability of different students needed a stimulus-response by way of question and answer. Based on an interim investigation at Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Ulum (Melokorejo Village, Jember Regency), that the method of reading and reading the teaching of the ―kitab kuning‖ was only controlled by a small portion of Asatidz (the teachers), so there was a need for care in order to regenerate and maintain the teaching values of the Kyai in educating students to be able to read Islamic teachings sourced from us-Yellow (classical). By the object of this thesis study, then this research is field research, namely, research conducted on (...truncated)