The Optimum Vibration of the Compressive Strength of Concrete Specimen

E-ISSN: 2528-388X P-ISSN: 0213-762X INERSIA Vol.18, No.2, December, 2022 The Optimum Vibration of the Compressive Strength of Concrete Specimen Dwifi Aprillia Karismaa*, Agata Iwan Candraa, Mahardi Kamalika Khusna Alia, Tiara Sherlyta Saria, Sheila Ananda Putri Pertiwia a Study Program of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Kadiri University, Kediri, 64115, Indonesia ABSTRACT Keywords: Compressive Strength Concrete Vibration Vibrating Table Concrete is the primary material in construction, so it needs further research to get good quality concrete. The quality and durability of concrete are influenced by the amount and shape of the air cavity inside the concrete. With vibrating, the air that is inside the concrete will be lost. The benefits of vibration will only be achieved if planned and implemented with a suitable method. With proper vibration, the air in the concrete will come out and make porous concrete. Reduction or removal of air cavities will make concrete mixes strong with low permeability, increasing the durability of concrete. This study aims to determine the optimum strong vibrating on the compressive strength of Fc’ 21,7 Mpa concrete. Vibrating will be performed on cylinder concrete samples with a duration time of 3 minutes and with different variations in acceleration 160 m/s2, 170 m/s2, 180 m/s2, 190 m/s2, 200 m/s2, variation velocity 140 mm/s, 150 mm/s, 160 mm/s, 170 mm/s, 180 mm/s, displacement variation 600 mm, 800 mm, 1000 mm, 1200 mm, 1500 mm. Each variation consists of 7 concrete samples. These tests were performed with methods of external vibrating by using MBT Vibrating table CO-410 in fresh concrete. Compressive strength testing is carried out at 28 days. This study shows that the optimum strong vibrating with acceleration 180 m/s2, velocity 160 mm/s, and displacement 1000 mm with the resulting compressive strength is Fc’ 23.06 MPa. So that knowing the optimum vibration strength can be the basis for the implementation of vibration to get the planned concrete quality. ` This is an open access article under the CC–BY license. 1. Introductions The construction industry is one of the industries with a high potential to improve the economy. Construction materials must be used properly and adapted to the needs. Concrete is one of the dominant materials in construction. [1] Development in construction, such as buildings, bridges, and roads, is growing rapidly, resulting in increased demand for concrete [2][3]. Concrete becomes a material in construction that is widely used because of the ease of maintaining concrete and also the concrete constituent material that is easily obtained. Concrete consists of cement, aggregate, and water. Sometimes admixture is added to or improves concrete requirements [4]. In addition to admixture, air voids in the concrete affect its quality and durability [5]-[7]. Vibration is an important casting process to ensure proper concrete consolidation. [8] Consolidation is the distribution of concrete composition materials evenly in the mixture. *Corresponding author. E-mail: https://doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v18i2.54522 Received 14 November 2022; Revised 29 December 2022; Accepted 31 December 2022 Available online 31 December 2022 Consolidation in fresh concrete is important because of its effect on compressive strength [9]. Vibration can reduce the air cavity [10], so filling that space with cement or aggregating with that concrete will be high quality. [11] A 1% air cavity in concrete will reduce 6% concrete strength. [12] Reduction or removal of air cavities will make concrete mixes strong with low permeability, increasing the durability of concrete [13]. In addition to compressive strength and durability, concrete with a vibrator will increase workability compared to concrete that does not use a vibrator.[14] With proper vibration, the concrete's air will come out and make porous concrete [15]. In general, vibration is a repetitive motion over some time, with the related parameters of acceleration, velocity, and displacement [16]. For good-quality concrete, the vibration must be done properly. [17] The benefits of vibration will only be achieved if planned and implemented with the right method. One of them is about Dwifi Aprillia Karisma, et. al. INERSIA, Vol. 18, No. 2, December 2022 time and frequency. Concrete compressive strength will increase with increasing strong vibration and time vibration, but a vibration that exceeds the optimum time will make the concrete segregation. [18] in concrete, segregation or separation of aggregates must be controlled and even avoided because it will affect the strength and durability of concrete. [19] Compressive strength becomes a parameter to determine the strength or quality of concrete [20]. 2. Method The research is based on experimentally making test objects in the laboratory. The purpose of this experimental study is to examine how the strong influence of concrete compaction. 2.1 Material Concrete material must meet the material requirements to achieve the planned quality. The concrete must be tested in civil engineering laboratories to meet the material requirements. In general, the use of vibrators for compaction is often used for the production of cast or precast concrete [21]. Vibration methods on concrete used in the precast industry are; Internal vibration, External vibration, tamping, vacuum, and pressure. The internal vibrator produces compression waves that are repeated quickly and show the best performance at high amplitude [22]. External vibration will produce concrete with a better surface because, in its implementation, vibrations are not given directly to fresh concrete but to concrete formwork [23]. A table vibrator is one of the external vibrators widely used in the precast industry. The vibration is given to the concrete and placed under the table plate so there is no internal friction in the concrete [25]. Several studies have investigated the behavior of concrete caused by concrete vibration. However, not much has been discussed how strong it is needed to achieve optimum compressive strength. a) Cement Cement in the concrete mixture serves as a binder for aggregate materials. The adhesive used is (PCC type I refresh to ASTM C150 [25]. b) Aggregate Fillers in concrete mixes derived from natural materials are called aggregates which refer to ASTM C33 [26]. Approximately aggregate occupies 70% of the volume of concrete [27]. The aggregates used in this study are coral and sand [28] The coarse aggregate, taken from the village of Kedak Kediri in East Java with a maximum size 20 mm, with the amount of mud in coarse aggregate as much as 1.41%. In the coarse leaching aggregate, remove fine aggregate particles, which can affect the concrete properties [29]. The fine aggregate is taken from the Brantas River in Kediri, East Java, with a maximum size 2 mm with an amount of mud in fine aggregate of 4.3%. All aggregate is free from organic substanc (...truncated)