THE USE OF CODE-SWITCHING AND CODE-MIXING IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AT STATE POLYTECHNIC OF SRIWIJAYA

ISSN: 2085-4021 Volume 4 Nomor 8 Desember 2012 DAFTAR ISI Pengantar ....................................................................................................................... i Daftar Isi ...................................................................................................................... iii Annisa Astrid Using Peer Respponse Technique Through Blog in Order to Develop The Writing Skiils of Students: A Case Study in Writing II Class of English Teaching Faculty at IAIN Raden FatahPalembang ................................................................... 1 Sri Endah Kusmartini AcademicMotivation, Parental Education and Writing Achievement of English Study Program Students, Sriwijaya State Polytechnic .......................................................................................... 11 Muhammad Holandyah Teaching Reading Comprehension Using Reaf (Read, Encode, Annote, and Ponder) Strategy to The Third Semester Students of English Study Program in Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Raden Fatah Palembang ....................... 18 Herman The Relationship Among Attitude Towards English, Academic Achievement, and English Proficiency of The Polsri Students ....................................... 29 Muhammad Nadjmuddin The Use of Code-Switching and Code Mixing in English Language Teaching at State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya .................................................. 36 Petunjuk Penulisan Naskah Artikel .......................................................................... 47 iii J Holistics, Volume 4 No. 8 Desember M. Nadjmuddin:The Use of Code-Switching… THE USE OF CODE-SWITCHING AND CODE-MIXING IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AT STATE POLYTECHNIC OF SRIWIJAYA Muhammad Nadjmuddin English Department State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya Email: Abstarct : This article discusses the usage of Bahasa Indonesia (BI) in EFL classrooms of State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya (Polsri). The first objective of this study was to examine the language use in the classroom instruction, in particular, the use code-switching (CS) and code-mixing (CM) and linguistic factors of the utterances as well as the functions of using CS and CM by the lecturers. Another purpose was investigating the subjects’ perception on the use of CS and CM. This case study collected data from four lecturers and their students in English Department, Polsri. The analysis of the classroom corpus identified seven communication functions in the lecturers’ speeches. The findings of this study also revealed that there were different levels of agreement and disagreement on whether a lecturer should use of CS and CM in the EFL classes. Based on the data collected from the subjects’ responses to the questionnaire, this study concluded that CS and CM were aimed at increasing the efficiency of information conveyed. CS and CM are necessary communicative strategies for lecturers to achieve teaching goals, in particular, involving the students who lack English proficiency. Key words: code switch, mix, linguistic factors, functions INTRODUCTION I nteraction between learners and teachers is one of determinant aspects affecting learning success. Nunan (1991:37) preserves that a teacher's ability to plan and manage the interaction is necessary to achieve learning goals. The failure in interaction may cause misconception and failure in accomplishing studying objectives. One of the important classroom interaction is lecturers’ talks. Regarding this issue, Marzulina (2010) states that in a language class, verbal communication is the most obvious. As the main resource and model, students expect that their lecturers know everything and must provide perfect models. To deliver their ideas or knowledge, lecturers must be able to communicate effectively. The communication is effective if it can create comprehension between lecturers and students. However, many students have too low English proficiency to understand the lectures. As responsible lecturers, they must have appropriate strategies to help students understand the idea or concept. When the students find it difficult to understand the explanation in English, the lecturers resort to the use of Indonesian words and expressions. Translation technique is normally used to clarify foreign language items in an utterance by providing clarification in CS and CM. Although the presence of this language form in the explanation is partial, it helps clarify the meaning of difficult English words. Indonesia is multilingual nation in which its people speak several vernaculars and BI. BI is used as a national language, and English is used as a foreign language. Like other English classes with multilingual students, English classes in Indonesia often use CS and CM in the instructional communication. The most common form of CS and CM used by the lecturers was that between Bahasa Indonesian and English language. Students at Polsri learn English in most semesters of the total six semesters. The use of English as a medium of instruction is expected to be the main exposure to the target language. In some brief interviews with several lecturers of English Department at Polsri, the writers found that CS and CM are common phenomena in the English classrooms. These language forms, as parts of communication media, need to be investigated due to their important role as learning inputs. All of the lecturers of English at Polsri have been trained and graduated from their graduate study in English education. It is assumed that the lecturers do not have any problem 36 ISSN 2085-4021 M. Nadjmuddin:The Use of Code-Switching… J .Holistisc, Vol.4 No. 8 Desember 2012 to use English as an instructional medium in their classrooms. However, in their factual communication with students, the lecturers frequently use CS and CM. The use of BI in the utterances raised questions about the motivation of the lecturers in using CM and CS as well as linguistics factors in the utterances. In the light of this, the problem of this study was formulated in the following questions: (1) What linguistic factors can be found in the lecturers’ utterances?; (2) What are the functions of CS and CM in English classes?; (3) What are the students’ perception towards the use of CS and CM?; What are the teachers’ perception towards the use of these language forms? So far relatively little has been done to study CS and CM in Bahasa Indonesia-English contexts with a qualitative approach. The present case study was aimed at filling this gap by using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings can contribute to answer linguistic phenomena regarding the use of switched and mixed codes by students and teachers. The findings can be of paramount significance to the lecturers of English in terms of the role of English, in particular, in State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya and in tertiary instructional settings in general. Language is a main media of communication and people will find it difficult to communicate (...truncated)