STUDI POTENSI DAN PROBLEMATIKA DESA TERTINGGAL DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, Nov 2023

Analysis of all types of resources from the perspective of the Village Development Index (IDM), will clearly show all potential resources as strengths and as opportunities for future development. On the other hand, various life problems are also revealed as weaknesses and challenges that can be anticipated and must even be turned into opportunities for developing disadvantaged village communities. The research aims to describe the various potentials and at the same time the various problems contained in rural areas categorized as Disadvantaged Villages in South Konawe Regency. In this context, the resource potential within the scope of the Social Resilience Index, Economic Resilience and Environmental Resilience is studied from the perspective of the Regulation of the Minister of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2016 concerning the Developing Village Index. The research uses a qualitative approach which focuses on descriptive studies and phenomenological studies. All components of South Konawe society that are deemed worthy of providing information can be used as primary data sources. Primary data was carried out using participant observation, surveys, deep interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Analysis of the Village Development Index (IDM) through a process of weighting and ranking rural resource potential. The results of the research show that there is a rural area that is classified as a Very Disadvantaged Village (Pritama Village), because it is in the value range of less than 0.4907 and the existence of an area that is in the Disadvantaged Village category because it has a value of less than 0.599. Such conditions indicate vulnerability to natural disasters, economic shocks and social conflicts, so that villages experience difficulties in managing and utilizing the potential of their social, economic and ecological resources. The portrait of rural areas referred to as underdeveloped and very underdeveloped villages depicts the worst condition of resources according to the provisions of the 2016 Minister of Village Regulation, so that it appears very problematic in developing its existence towards developing villages, developed villages and up to independent villages. The existence of underdeveloped and very underdeveloped villages appears on the one hand to have sufficient resource potential to support the development of a rural area and develop the socio-economic welfare of its people. Although on the other hand, it was not able to achieve a score according to the provisions of the 2016 Minister of Village Regulation. In this context, for example, in the education dimension, high points were achieved, but the achievement in the social capital dimension appeared to be very low.

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STUDI POTENSI DAN PROBLEMATIKA DESA TERTINGGAL DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

ISSN: 2775-7145 (Online) JIPPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat) 2023: 3 (Special Issue): 59 – 67 https://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/JIPPM doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.56189/jippm.v3i0.46307 STUDI POTENSI DAN PROBLEMATIKA DESA TERTINGGAL DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN Peribadi1*, Muhammad Arsya1, Samsul1, La Ode Marhini1, La Patuju1, Iwan P.1 1 Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia * Corresponding Author: To cite this article: Peribadi, P., Arsya, M., Samsul, S., Marhini, L. O., Patuju, L., & Iwan, P. (2023). Studi Potensi dan Problematika Desa Tertinggal di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. JIPPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat), 3 (Special Issue), 59 – 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56189/jippm.v3i0.46307 Received: 10 Juli 2023; Accepted: 25 Oktober 2023; Published: 28 November 2023 ABSTRACT Analysis of all types of resources from the perspective of the Village Development Index (IDM), will clearly show all potential resources as strengths and as opportunities for future development. On the other hand, various life problems are also revealed as weaknesses and challenges that can be anticipated and must even be turned into opportunities for developing disadvantaged village communities. The research aims to describe the various potentials and at the same time the various problems contained in rural areas categorized as Disadvantaged Villages in South Konawe Regency. In this context, the resource potential within the scope of the Social Resilience Index, Economic Resilience and Environmental Resilience is studied from the perspective of the Regulation of the Minister of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2016 concerning the Developing Village Index. The research uses a qualitative approach which focuses on descriptive studies and phenomenological studies. All components of South Konawe society that are deemed worthy of providing information can be used as primary data sources. Primary data was carried out using participant observation, surveys, deep interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Analysis of the Village Development Index (IDM) through a process of weighting and ranking rural resource potential. The results of the research show that there is a rural area that is classified as a Very Disadvantaged Village (Pritama Village), because it is in the value range of less than 0.4907 and the existence of an area that is in the Disadvantaged Village category because it has a value of less than 0.599. Such conditions indicate vulnerability to natural disasters, economic shocks and social conflicts, so that villages experience difficulties in managing and utilizing the potential of their social, economic and ecological resources. The portrait of rural areas referred to as underdeveloped and very underdeveloped villages depicts the worst condition of resources according to the provisions of the 2016 Minister of Village Regulation, so that it appears very problematic in developing its existence towards developing villages, developed villages and up to independent villages. The existence of underdeveloped and very underdeveloped villages appears on the one hand to have sufficient resource potential to support the development of a rural area and develop the socio-economic welfare of its people. Although on the other hand, it was not able to achieve a score according to the provisions of the 2016 Minister of Village Regulation. In this context, for example, in the education dimension, high points were achieved, but the achievement in the social capital dimension appeared to be very low. Keywords: Potential, Problems, Underdeveloped Villages. PENDAHULUAN Keberadaan desa sebanyak 336 desa dan 15 kelurahan di wilayah Pemerintahan Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, tampak masih dominan berada pada posisi Desa Berkembang dan Desa Tertinggal. Kemudian pada beberapa wilayah perdesaan yang sudah dikategorikan dalam statusnya sebagai Desa Mandiri oleh CONTACT Peribadi Vol 3. Special Issue. November 2023 Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat 60 Pemerintah Kabupaten Konsel, namun setelah dianalisis dengan menggunakan instrumen Kementrian No. 2 Tahun 2016 ternyata masih dalam status sebagai Desa Maju. Begitu pula beberapa wilayah perdesaan yang sudah diklaim sebagai Desa Maju, ternyata masih juga tergolong sebagai Desa Berkembang (Peribadi et al., 2021). Hal ini tampak bertentangan dengan Hasil Keputusan Pemerintah Kabupaten Konawe Selatan No. 4 410/510 Tahun 2021 tentang Penetapan Klasifikasi Tingkat Perkembanngan Desa Kabupaten Konawe Selatan yang di dalamnya menyebutkan sebanyak 11 desa yang tergolong sebagai desa tertinggal, tanpa keberadaan desa-desa sangat tertinggal. Upaya membangun dan mengembankan wilayah pedesaan yang kategori sebagai “Desa Tertinggal dan Desa Sangat Tertinggal” menuju Desa Berkembang, Desa Maju dan Desa Mandiri, adalah sangat dibutuhkan pendekatan yang proporsional dan intervensi kebijakan yang konstruktif serta strategi pembangunan wilayah pedesaan berbasis kultural dan spiritual. Hal itu sangat penting, karena tampak demikian fenomenal aneka persoalan yang dialami oleh desa-desa tertinggal dan desa sangat tertinggal. Hal itu, mulai dari masalah terbatasnya sumber daya alam, rendahnya sumber daya manusia, kurangnya prasarana dan sarana transportasi, komunikasi, kesehatan, pendidikan, sampai pada masalah kepemimpinan dan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, sehingga sangat dibutuhkan sebuah formulasiv kebijakan program pembangunan yang tepat sasaran (Albab, 2019; Hidayati, 2021; Xaverius, 2021). Strategi pembangunan wilayah pedesaan seharusnya diarahkan kepada upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), terutama dalam membentuk perilaku warga masyarakatnya. Sedangkan untuk mengurangi jumlah desa tertinggal serta berupaya meningkatkan jumlah desa maju dan desa mandiri, maka problem utama yang harus diselesaikan oleh pemerintah adalah berupaya mengembangkan Program Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Pronangkis) secara terpadu. Demikian pula pemerintah dan masyarakat pada desa yang kategori tertinggal itu, pun harus berusaha sungguh-sungguh dan maksimal dalam memanfaatkan semua jenis sumber daya yang ada di sekitarnya. Atas dasar pemikiran itu, maka penelitian ini diarahkan pada upaya mengkaji Potensi dan Problematika Desa Tertinggal di Wilayah Pedesaan Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Analisis atas semua jenis sumber daya dalam perspektif Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM), akan terlihat dengan terang benderang semua potensi sumber daya sebagai kekuatan (strength) dan sebagai peluang untuk ditumbuhkembangkan ke depan. Demikian sebaliknya, juga terungkap aneka problematika kehidupan sebagai kelemahan (weakness) dan tantangan (threats) yang dapat diantisipasi dan bahkan harus dirubah menjadi peluang dalam membangun masyarakat desa tertinggal. Dalam perspektif analisis SWOT dit (...truncated)


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Peribadi Peribadi, Arsya Muhammad, Samsul Samsul, La. Patuju, P. Iwan. STUDI POTENSI DAN PROBLEMATIKA DESA TERTINGGAL DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN, Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, 2023, pp. 59-67,