Expression of Disappointment Emotions in 1-3 Year Old Children in Psycholinguistic Studies

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science E-ISSN 2987-226X P-ISSN 2988-0076 Volume 2 Issue 3, September 2024, Pp. 1317-1322 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v2i03.997 Copyright by Author Expression of Disappointment Emotions in 1-3 Year Old Children in Psycholinguistic Studies Mutiara Sany Hasibuan1*, Rosmawaty Harahap2 Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia1 Universitas Negeri Medan, Indonesia2 Corresponding Email: * Received: 09-06-2024 Reviewed: 25-06-2024 Accepted: 09-07-2024 Abstract This study uses a psycholinguistic approach to examine how children aged between one and three years old show disappointment. The study aims to find, examine and characterize the words or phrases used by children to express disappointment. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative analysis based on phonological and syntactic theories of child language acquisition. Naturally, conversational data were collected by documenting the events that made children feel disappointed. The findings of the analysis showed that children often used nonverbal cues such as roaring, shouting, and crying along with explanations to convey their dissatisfaction. Children aged 1 year and 4 months have only learned verbs and nouns at the syntactic level. Two-year-olds can say two words classified as verbs, nouns, pronomina and negative phrases. Children between two and nine years old can say two nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs. Keywords: disappointment, children, psycholinguistics, phonology, syntax Introduction Language is the most effective communication tool for humans to live together in a society. Body language, facial gestures, and non-linguistic sounds are some of the other ways that humans can communicate even when not speaking (Szekely et al., 2004). Body language, signs, sounds and symbols are all used in communication to convey meaning. To convey meaning, language is a systematized set of symbols. According to Fridani (2014), language is a communication shift consisting of a unique system of symbols used by a group of people to transmit ideas and information. Language is an important component in child development. Language is a symbol-based oral, written, and symbolic communication system. The words (vocabulary) used in society and the rules (grammar and syntax) that govern their combination and variation make up language.(Kaczmarek, 1999) 1317 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Based on the stage of development, early infancy has certain qualities that distinguish it from other age groups. The golden age of early infancy (0-6 years) is when all aspects of development are stimulated and plays an important role in preparing children for the challenges of later development (Sakka et al., 2022). The competence process and the performance process are the two phases that make up a child's early language acquisition process (., 2023). The unconscious process of understanding grammar is called competence. This procedure is a prerequisite for the performance procedure, which consists of the publishing technique, or creating heard phrases, and the comprehension procedure. The other side of publishing requires the capacity to write and publish original sentences. If a youngster has mastered both forms of competence, it will be seen from his language proficiency (Chaer. 2009: 167). Literature Review Despite being the same age, children learn language in different ways (Riyanto, 2012). An interesting aspect of children's language development is that although they acquire language at the same rate, the 2-3 year period includes the acquisition of vowels and consonants (Guasch et al., 2013). This age group is in an important phase that is crucial for language learning. In a scientific field known as psycholinguistics, studying how language users or speakers construct sentences (Natsir, 2017; Suharti et al., 2021). Psycholinguistics tries to explain how language skills are acquired by humans and the psychological processes that occur when someone utters the sentences they hear when speaking (Mahmasoni, 2023); (Sulistyowati, 2021). As additional information, psycholinguistics aims to explain the nature of language structures and how they are acquired, used, and understood in speech (Setyawan & Taufik, 2019). Research Method Descriptive qualitative analysis method was used in this research. According to Umrati and Wijaya (2020), a descriptive qualitative approach is a type of research that does not produce statistical analysis methods involving numbers. The purpose of qualitative research is to learn more about the research subject in a particular situation. Children's speech about disappointment was listened to as part of the listening technique used to collect data. According to Sudaryanto, the basic approach of the listening method is tapping (Mulyani, 2020). Children and people in their immediate environment had live conversations, which became the main source of data for this study. Using a recording application on a mobile phone, the data collection process and strategy was carried out by listening to children's conversations or language use. Children aged 1-3 years old were the subjects of the study. The researcher used the free listening technique in this case, which involved recording the instances of conversations when the children felt let down. Afterwards, transcriptions of the recorded conversations were made. Using a psycholinguistic approach, the data obtained - i.e. the phonological and syntactic acquisition of children's language - was examined in relation to the expression and emotion of disappointment. 1318 Expression of Disappointment Emotions in 1-3 Year Old Children in Psycholinguistic Studies Result and Discussion The golden age is often referred to as the time when children are in a very important period of their lives. From conception to the age of four. Development at this age can be influenced by external and internal elements, such as society or the surrounding environment, as well as internal factors such as parents or family. Dynamic child activities can support the developmental stage and provide strength, power, and style to attitudes and behaviors. Dynamic activities can provide strength, power, and force to attitudes and behaviors and can stimulate developmental stages with intrinsic drives that have the capacity to trigger all possible mental and bodily mechanisms. Developmental theories classify children between the ages of one and three as the early linguistic stage. Children are still unable to understand the grammar of the mother tongue at this stage. This is because the child's speech organs are just beginning to work. The words spoken tend to be too general and exaggerated, making them sound less comprehensible. In everyday family relationships, children can pick up emotions through signs as well as from the outcome. Emotion in Latin, "movere", is defined as "to move or set in moti (...truncated)