TIME DELAY ANALYSIS USING CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) (Case Study: Kerobokan Bali Parking Building Construction Project)

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (IJATEIS) TIME DELAY ANALYSIS USING CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) (Case Study: Kerobokan Bali Parking Building Construction Project) Dwi Cahyani Putri1*, Budi Witjaksana2, Hanie Teki Tjendani3 1-3 Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya E-mail: 1) , 2) , 3) Abstract Parking Building is a structure specifically built for vehicle parking. Kerobokan Bali Parking Building is one such structure that utilizes steel as its main material. With dimensions of 13.97 meters in height, 32.8 meters in width, and 16.18 meters in length, this building had a planned construction duration of 259 calendar days starting from July 2023. The parking building experienced delays due to flooding in the basement area, necessitating time acceleration analysis using the CPM method. This thesis employs the CPM method to identify critical path activities. Once the critical paths are identified, a crashing program analysis will be conducted, involving an alternative such as overtime work with a duration of 4 hours. Based on the analysis using the CPM method, it was found that 75 activities are critical, listed in Microsoft Project rows 368369-370-372-380-381-382-383-384-385-387-388-389-390-392-393-394-395-398-399-400-402403-404-406-412-415-416-417-419-420-421-422-424-425-426-427-428-430-431-432-433-435436-437-438-441-442-443-445-471-472-473-475-476-477-479-526-527-528-530-535-621-628629-630-633-634-635-638-639-640-643-644. Keywords: Critical Path Method, Crashing Program, Overtime Work, Time Acceleration 1. INTRODUCTION A parking building is specifically constructed for vehicle parking, enabling efficient land use especially in downtown areas. Parking buildings can be combined with activity centers, where basement floors and several upper floors are used for parking, and above them are placed activity center buildings such as shops, offices, and other activity centers. The construction industry has varying characteristics from one construction project to another. These differing project characteristics will impact the progress of implementation work on-site. Progress on-site can experience delays, proceed as scheduled, or even be completed faster than planned. Therefore, effective management is crucial to plan and complete the project smoothly, known as project management (Abadiyah et al., 2020). The Bali parking building is constructed using steel materials, with a length of 16.18 meters and a width of 32.8 meters, and a total building height of 13.97 meters. The planned construction duration for this parking building is 259 calendar days starting from July 23, 2023. However, as of March 2024, the project progress shows only 70%, still in the stage of wall plastering and constructing RAM for the access route to Global Xtreme office. The Planned Cost Budget (RAB) for the Bali Parking Building project is Rp 8,822,280,000.00. There has been a delay of 68 days in the project construction since early March. This delay was caused by flooding in the basement due to river water entering the project site. Excavation work reached a significant depth, allowing river IJATEIS | VOLUME 3 NO. 4 (2024) https://ojs.transpublika.com/index.php/IJATEIS/ E-ISSN: 2828-5425 502 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (IJATEIS) VOLUME 3 NO. 4 (2024) water to enter because the river surface is at an elevation of -2.85 meters, while the basement floor is at an elevation of -4.00 meters, hindering other work progress (Mulia & Candra, 2023). Smooth cost flow and delays in the mobilization of equipment and building materials (Prabowo, 2020; Yaqin et al., 2023). Therefore, if there is a delay in the execution of work, it is necessary to expedite the work process to catch up on the delay (Jaya et al., 2019). Hence, an analysis of time acceleration methods is required to determine how long the project process can be completed and to explore the possibility of accelerating the project execution duration using the Critical Path Method (CPM) (Husna et al., 2022; Julian et al., 2023). The Critical Path Method (CPM) is a network analysis that seeks to optimize the total project cost by reducing or accelerating the total project completion time (Astari et al., 2022; Aulia & Cipta, 2023). One of the methods applied for scheduling management analysis is the Critical Path Method (CPM) (Safitri et al., 2019). This method can depict a network of work, identify the sequence relationships of project tasks that must precede and follow each other in relation to time, and determine the criticality of a task (Khozinati, 2021; Maarif, 2021; Perdana & Rahman, 2019). This study aims to analyze critical path activities within the context of the construction of the Kerobokan Bali Parking Building. It seeks to assess the impact of these critical activities on project duration and explore methods for accelerating project completion to mitigate time delays, focusing on the application of the Critical Path Method (CPM) and crashing program analysis. The study intends to provide recommendations for improving project management strategies to effectively address and minimize delays in construction projects. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Critical Path Method (CPM) Critical Path Method (CPM) is used when the estimated processing time for each activity is well known, where deviations are relatively small or negligible (Abdurrasyid et al., 2019). Critical Path Method (CPM) is a technique used to carry out project planning using mathematical algorithms. In determining the duration of the project as a whole, it is done by counting forward and counting backward (Purwantoro et al., 2022; Santika et al., 2022; Siregar & Iffiginia, 2019). 2.2. Microsoft Project 2019 In this Anwar (2019) research, it has used the help of Microsoft Project 2019 software, here are the steps: a. Tap 2x to open the Microsoft Project 2019 app. b. To Create a Gantt Table Select the task menu then click Gantt chart. Fill in the work definition of the work breakdown structure (WBS) that has been compiled in the Cost Budget Plan (RAB): a) In the Task Name Column, fill in the name of the work / work item b) In the Duration Column, fill in the length of work / work duration needed to IJATEIS | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM https://ojs.transpublika.com/index.php/IJATEIS/ E-ISSN: 2828-5425 503 TIME DELAY ANALYSIS USING CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM)… Dwi Cahyani Putri, Budi Witjaksana, Hanie Teki Tjendani c) d) e) f) complete the work in days. In the Start Column, fill in the date when the work item can be started In the Finish Column, fill in the date when the work item has been completed. If the duration and start columns have been filled in, then the finish column will automatically be filled in. Next, in the Predecessors column. Predecessors is a relationship activity between tasks/activities in a project, which me (...truncated)