Design of Digital Targets for Slingshot Using the Quality Function Deployement (QFD)

JOSSAE (Journal of Sport Science and Education) OPEN ACCESS E-ISSN Online: 2548-4699 http://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jossae/index http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jossae.v9n2.p104-112 Design of Digital Targets for Slingshot Using the Quality Function Deployement (QFD) Himawan Wismanadia*, Mochammad Purnomob, Awang Firmansyahc, Afif Rusdiawand, Bhekti Lestarie, Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyidf, Laurentino Guteresg a,b,c,d,e,f Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia g Universidade National de Timor Leste, Timor Leste Correspondence: Received: 10 Dec 2024 Accepted: 28 Oct 2024 Published: 30 Oct 2024 Abstract The research aims to determine user criteria regarding digital slingshot targets using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method based on ergonomic tool design. This study employs a case study approach, using questionnaires distributed to members of the East Java Indonesian Traditional Slingshot Association (PERKATIN). A total of thirty-eight respondents from PERKATIN participated, providing insights through a structured questionnaire comprising 11 targeted questions. Based on the weight of relative importance, the attribute priority results are color variations (12.57), material economic life (12), ease of operating the tool (12), material strength (11.57), choice of tool shape (11.08). These results highlight that users place significant emphasis on aesthetic aspects, durability, usability, and design flexibility when selecting a digital target for slingshots. The conclusion drawn from this research underscores the necessity of integrating these prioritized attributes into the design process to align product development with user expectations effectively. This study not only contributes to the field of ergonomic tool design but also demonstrates how QFD can be effectively utilized to capture and translate user needs into actionable design specifications. By embedding the voice of the customer into the development process, this research aims to enhance user satisfaction and product functionality in the realm of digital slingshot targets, ultimately fostering innovation in this niche market. Keywords: Digital target; slingshot; catapult; QFD 1. Introduction The values found in traditional games are still not as socialised by parents to the younger generation, as the times and technological advancements have made them less interesting and challenging for kids. In contrast, kids these days are more likely to be familiar with, adept at using, and enjoy the games on various forms of electronic media (Tanjung and Siregar, 2021). However, currently, various academics and practitioners are aggressively trying to ensure that traditional games do not disappear from the nation's culture. One of the traditional games that needs to be preserved is the slingshot game. Slingshot is a simple game that uses a Y-shaped tool, the top two ends of which are joined together with rubber, and in the middle, a piece of leather is tied to hold the stone that will be thrown (DPMPD DUKCAPIL NTB, 2018). The slingshot itself is known as a type of traditional weapon used by ancient people as a means of protecting themselves from danger and is usually also used for hunting (Hadiwiyanti et al., 2020). Ancient people preferred to use slingshots for hunting because slingshots were small and easier to carry, and ammunition was easy to obtain (it didn't have to be made using a complicated process to a certain size), stones or other materials in any form could be used as ammunition (Ventura, 2003). JOSSAE (Journal of Sport Science and Education) | Volume 9 | Nomor 2 | 2024 | 104 - 112 104 Himawan Wismanadi, Mochammad Purnomo, Awang Firmansyah, Afif Rusdiawan, Bhekti Lestari, Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyid, Laurentino Guteres Design of Digital Targets for Slingshot Using the Quality Function Deployement (QFD) Currently, the slingshot game is a newly developed achievement sport in Indonesia, better known as the slingshot sport. In every sport, achievement requires the infrastructure used in that sport, and this is also the case in the slingshot sport (Gunawan et al., 2021). One of the tools used in this slingshot sport is a target. A target is a tool used as a shooting target in the slingshot sport. This tool in the form of a target in the slingshot sport is a medium used for the judging system. In this case, quality function deployment (QFD) is recommended as an instrument to know consumer criteria and design an ergonomic slingshot digital target product design tool (Kelesbayev et al., 2016). QFD is a methodology that helps translate customer needs into design requirements to ensure that outputs, whether this product or process meets needs (Rizal et al., 2023). The quality function deployment (QFD) method is used to collect expert opinions and the voices of customers regarding the design to be created. It is hoped that this method will determine the main priorities in designing digital-based slingshot targets. 2. Method This research is survey research through distributing questionnaires using the quality function deployment (QFD) method. Thirty-eight respondents from the East Java Indonesian Traditional Catapult Association (PERKATIN) filled out a questionnaire consisting of 11 questions. This research was carried out in several stages: (1) Data Collection: The initial phase involved distributing questionnaires to respondents to identify the target criteria for the digital-based slingshots to be developed. This step was crucial for gathering insights directly from potential users regarding their preferences and requirements; (2) Design Determination: Following the data collection, expert opinions were solicited to determine the design and dimensions of the digital-based slingshot targets. This stage ensured that the design considerations were grounded in both user feedback and professional expertise; (3) Second Questionnaire Distribution: A second questionnaire was distributed to potential users to evaluate the proposed design of the digital-based slingshot targets. This feedback loop allowed for further refinement of the product based on user impressions and suggestions. The indicators in the questionnaire used to assess digital-based slingshot target designs are a selection of sensor type, tool weight, material economic life, material strength, ease of use of the tool, choice of tool shape, size variations, color variations, ease of operating the tool, material selection and tool multifunctionality. Data collected from these indicators encompassed user interest, user satisfaction, target goal data, improvement ratio data, selling point value, and interest weight. Upon completion of data collection, the analysis focused on determining the percentage of top priorities among consumers regarding the quality characteristics of digital-based slingshot target products. This analytical approach aimed to translate user preferences into actionable design features, ensuring that the final product aligns (...truncated)