Relationship between job burnout and presenteeism in anesthesia nurses: mediating effect of psychological capital

Cheng et al. BMC Nursing (2024) 23:853 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02526-3 BMC Nursing Open Access RESEARCH Relationship between job burnout and presenteeism in anesthesia nurses: mediating effect of psychological capital Jie Cheng1†, Xiaoli Xia1†, Mei Hong2, Xue Lin1, Daiying Zhang2,3* and Jianlan Ren2,3* Abstract Background Psychological capital can effectively alleviate job burnout and improve career autonomy and job satisfaction. However, there is a lack of research on the mediating role of psychological capital between job burnout and preseneeism in Chinese anesthesia nurses. Aims The mediating role of psychological capital between job burnout and presenteeism based on constructing structural equation models in anesthesia nurses. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study design. From June to July 2024, convenience sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 568 anesthesia registered nurses in different levels of hospitals in Sichuan Province. The self-designed general information questionnaire, Chinese version of Stanford Invisible Absence Scale (SPS-6), Psychological Capital Scale-Chinese Revised (PCQ) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI) were used to investigate the status through the form of questionnaire star. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the interaction among psychological capital, job burnout and presenteeism. AMOS 26.0 software was used to further verify the mediating effect of psychological capital between job burnout and preseneeism, and to construct the corresponding path relationship model. Results The scores of psychological capital, job burnout and preseneeism were 93.31 ± 14.33, 56.35 ± 17.67 and 18.96 ± 4.97, respectively. Job burnout of anesthesia nurses was significantly negatively correlated with psychological capital (r=-0.558, P < 0.01), and was significantly positively correlated with presences (r = 0.465, P < 0.01). Psychological capital was significantly negatively correlated with presences (r=-0.495, P < 0.01). In addition, psychological capital was identified as a partial mediating effect between job burnout and preseneeism in the mediation model, and the mediating effect was 0.279, accounting for 48.18% of the total effect. Conclusion The job burnout of anesthesia nurses has reached a moderate level, and job burnout can positively predict preseneeism. Psychological capital partially mediates the positive effect of job burnout on preseneeism, and † Jie Cheng and Xiaoli Xia contributed equally to this manuscript *Correspondence: Daiying Zhang Jianlan Ren Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2024. 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To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creati vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Cheng et al. BMC Nursing (2024) 23:853 Page 2 of 11 the improvement of its level has a positive effect on reducing job burnout and preseneeism of anesthesia nurses. Therefore, enhancing psychological capital has become an important way to relieve the occupational stress and improve work efficiency of anesthesia nurses. Keywords Presenteeism, Job burnout, Psychological capital, Mediating effect, Anesthesia nurses Introduction Presenteeism has become an important global public health problem, which not only affects the physical and mental health of employees, but also has a negative impact on the operating efficiency and quality of the entire organization. In the medical field, as an important part of the medical team, nurses are significantly more likely to suffer from presenteeism than other occupations, and their presenteeism is particularly worthy of attention [1, 2]. This phenomenon has a direct correlation and urgency with the core goal of the National Nursing Development Plan (2021–2025) formulated by the Chinese health department, which is to improve the quality and level of nursing services [3]. This plan focuses on improving the quality and level of nursing service, strengthening the construction of the nurse team, optimizing the management and operation system of the efficiency of nursing resource allocation, so as to achieve the goal of high-quality development of nursing service. Previous studies have shown that presences are affected by multiple factors, including personal characteristics (age, gender, marital status, and physical and mental state) and working conditions (department characteristics, organizational climate, work system, scheduling, and burden) [4]. Among them, psychological capital of nurses was negatively correlated with presenteeism [5], while job burnout was significantly positively correlated with it, that is, the degree of job burnout was deepened, and the rate of presenteeism was increased [6]. Although the relationship between job burnout and presenteeism has been confirmed, and the influence of psychological capital cannot be ignored, few studies have used psychological capital and job burnout as variables to explore their relationship with presenteeism, especially the potential mediating role of psychological capital between the two, which needs to be further explored. Background Presenteeism is a condition in which employees continue to work even though their health productivity is impaired or because they are unable to focus on other things. Performance is a kind of duty, duty in office is not the phenomenon [7]. It is worth noting that compared with the explicit loss caused by the direct absence due to illness, the harm of recessive absence is more profound and widespread. Studies have shown [8, 9] that it not only directly leads to the decline of nursing quality, increases the risk of nursing errors and adverse events, and endangers the safety of patients, but also reduces the work efficiency of nurses, and reduces the happiness and sense of accomplishment that nurses can experience. In view of the particularity of nursing work, such as high intensity, resource strain, irregular work and rest, nurses are more likely to become a high incidence group of presences [1]. A multi-country (...truncated)