Adaptation of nurses’ professional values scale into Turkish

BMC Nursing (2025) 24:316 Turan et al. BMC Nursing https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-02904-5 Open Access RESEARCH Adaptation of nurses’ professional values scale into Turkish Gülcan Bahçecioğlu Turan1 , Güzel Nur Yıldız2   and Bahar Çiftçi3*    Abstract Objective The present study examined the validity and reliability of the Nurses’ Professional Values Scale (Nurses’ PVS) by adapting it to Turkish. Methods This methodological study was conducted with 297 nurses who agreed to participate in the study by using the Snowball Sampling Method. The study data were collected using the Descriptive Data Form and Nurses’ PVS. The data were evaluated using the Content Validity Index, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Cronbach’s Alpha, McDonald’s Omega Reliability, and test–retest analysis. Results Factor load values of the scale items were found to vary between 0.590 and 0.960. The fit index values were found to be X2 = 102.87, df = 398 (p < 0.05), X2/df = 2.77, RMSEA = 0.077, CFI = 0.99, RMR = 0.045, SRMR = 0.051 and TLI = 0.97. It was also found that the Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficients of the sub-dimensions of the scale varied between 0.896 and 0.977, and the total Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was 0.958. The total McDonald’s Omega Coefficient was .958, and the McDonald’s Omega Coefficients of the sub-dimensions varied between .896-.977. The Turkish form of the 30-item and 4-subdimensional scale was confirmed without any changes in the original scale form. Conclusion The Turkish version of the Nurses’ PVS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the values that nurses care about. Clinical trial number Not applicable. Keywords Nurse, Validity, Reliability, Adaptation, Professional value Introduction It is accepted that nursing started with Florence Nightingale in the modern sense [1, 2]. The nurse is responsible for providing patient care in the traditional role. However, many factors, such as the changes in science and technology, demographic changes, health promotion approach, migration, and awareness of disease *Correspondence: Bahar Çiftçi 1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazığ, Türkiye 2 Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Muş Alparaslan University, Muş, Türkiye 3 Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye prevention, have enabled the transition of nursing from its traditional role into the contemporary nursing model [2]. All these changes and transitions have brought with them new values and judgments. Values change depending on time, culture, society, and historical conditions that affect the internal dynamics of society, culture, and profession, bringing new values [3]. The shift to contemporary models of care, such as evidence-based practice and patient-centered care, has redefined nurses’ professional values by emphasizing collaboration, critical thinking, and respect for patient autonomy, which are now integral components of quality nursing care [2]. In addition to these advancements, professional values in nursing continue to evolve in response to systemic healthcare changes and challenges such as burnout. Understanding these changes provides crucial insights for fostering © The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Turan et al. BMC Nursing (2025) 24:316 resilience and maintaining quality care. Cultural differences play a vital role in shaping professional values in nursing, as healthcare systems, ethical norms, and societal expectations vary widely across regions. Studies from diverse contexts have shown that while Western healthcare systems often emphasize individual autonomy and evidence-based practices, Eastern systems prioritize community-oriented care and collective decision-making [6, 14]. These differences highlight the importance of context-specific approaches in understanding and fostering professional values, ensuring that nursing practices align with global standards and local cultural norms [6, 14]. Professional values are fundamental to nursing practice and directly impact patient health outcomes. These values serve as a framework for ethical decision-making, collaboration, and accountability, collectively enhancing the quality of care and patient satisfaction [6, 12, 19]. Psychometric tools are crucial in evaluating these values, providing reliable insights into areas that require improvement [20, 22]. By systematically measuring professional values, interventions can be designed to address gaps and strengthen these values, ultimately benefiting both nurses and patients [6, 19, 22]. Value means “how useful and important something is” [4]. Occupation is “a type of work that requires special training or skills, especially a high level of education/ training, in which a person has a main field of work and does a permanent job to make a living” [5]. Professional values are “the result individuals desire and expect from their professions.” Professional values involve more than one individual’s emphasis or expectation of [6]. It can be argued that there are many professional values because values consist of essential concepts for individuals [6–8]. According to Liptak, professional values involve the characteristics an individual seeks in their profession, such as cooperation, teamwork, respect, security, freedom, creativity, promotion, diversity, money, and health [9]. Professional values make up the ideal behaviors individuals must exhibit when performing their profession and the beliefs and guiding principles needed to exhibit such behaviors [10]. Professional values show the standard of behavior in a professional group or a professional member [11]. Professional values in nursing are defined as the principles and standards that guide nurses’ actions and decisions, reflecting the core ideals of the profession [11]. These values are intrinsically linked to patient care, as they shape the ethical framework, quality standards, and interpersonal relationships that underpin nursing practice. Furthermore, the evolution of (...truncated)