Development of Android-Based Interactive Learning Media to Promote Green Chemistry Principles in Higher Education

Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology Vol. 6, No. 2, (2025), pp. 1~6, Article ID: 1237 ISSN 2723-6250 (online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v6i2.1237 Research Article Development of Android-Based Interactive Learning Media to Promote Green Chemistry Principles in Higher Education Sri Setiawaty*, Riska Imanda, Henni Fitriani, Nuraini Fatmi, Shofiyatul Qolbiah Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: | Phone: +6281360440111 ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the feasibility of Android-based green chemistry learning media integrated with Smart App Creator, developed to improve students’ cognitive learning outcomes, assess student readiness toward new learning modes, and analyze student responses to the developed media. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach adapted from the Borg & Gall model combined with the 4-D procedural model, encompassing the stages of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The learning media product was developed in the form of an Android application focusing on green chemistry concepts and designed using the Smart App Creator software. The feasibility of the developed media was evaluated through expert validation and user response assessments. The results of the validation indicated that the media achieved a validity score of 84% and a quality score of 87%, both categorized as “very good.” In addition, student responses toward the use of the learning media were highly positive, reaching 92%, which reflects a high level of acceptance and readiness to adopt technology-based learning. Furthermore, the implementation of the developed Android-based media demonstrated a significant influence on students’ cognitive learning outcomes, with 72% of students achieving learning completeness. Overall, the findings indicate that the Android-based green chemistry learning media integrated with Smart App Creator is feasible, practical, and effective for supporting chemistry learning. This media offers a promising alternative for enhancing cognitive learning outcomes and facilitating the integration of digital technology into chemistry education. Keywords: Android learning media; green chemistry; higher education; R&D 1. INTRODUCTION Improving the quality of education in Indonesia can be developed through the implementation of educational reforms. Changes that occur in traditional learning towards learning that further enhance critical thinking are called educational reform (Redhana, 2010; Sugiyarto et al., 2018 and Sumiati et al., 2018). Many branches of knowledge must be studied to achieve academic goals. Education must align with the quality of educators and adequate facilities and infrastructure to realise education and create a quality generation through the paradigm shift in the direction of schooling towards technology. Based on Ministerial Regulation "Permendikbud 109 /2013" concerning the Implementation of Distance Education (Pendidikan Jarak Jauh/PJJ) in Higher Education, and "Permendikbud 119/2014" concerning Implementation of PJJ for Elementary and Secondary Education, PJJ aims to increase the expansion and equitable distribution of access and facilitate services ranging from basic education to secondary education, with open characteristics, independent learning, complete learning, using educational information and communication technology, and using other educational technologies. By government recommendations through the Ministry of Education and Culture's policy of "Merdeka Belajar" and "Kampus Merdeka" inspired researchers to support the program through innovation of the PJJ mechanism by these policies, which is applied in the form of android and can be accessed by gadgets, be it PC, laptop, or mobile phone, as the current development of education has entered the realm of Education 4.0 fit for Industry 4.0. In this regard, all areas of life will lead to digitalisation, so that the digitalisation of education cannot be ignored anymore. Android learning media is an effective tool in developing students' skills in answering questions. Android learning media can be auditory, meaning learning must be through listening, speaking, achievement, argumentation, expressing opinions and responding. While intellectually means that learning must use the ability to think (mind-on), it must be by concentrating the mind and practising using it through reasoning, investigating, identifying, discovering, creating, constructing, solving problems and applying. Then, as media repetition means repetition, which means deepening, expanding, and stabilising, students are trained through giving assignments or tests. The integration of Android learning media is expected to solve various challenges, namely overcoming the limitations of experiments in science learning, as well as increasing the cognitive aspect, where students can learn independently to solve problems and improve their logical thinking by utilising various innovations that were born in the era of the industrial Page 1 of 6 Setiawaty et al. Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economic and Technology, Vol. 6, No. 2, (2025), pp.1~6, Article ID:1237 revolution. 4.0, such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data, and robots, to improve the quality of human life (Sugiyarto, et al, 2018; Setiawaty, et al, 2020). Android-based Smart App Creator should significantly improve logical thinking skills and learning outcomes (Setiawaty et. al., 2022). This can also be interpreted as a human- and technologycentred learning concept. Studies conducted by Tokac et al. (2019) and Hung et al. (2014) found that the effects of video games on students have significantly more positive impacts than traditional instructional methods. They also studied the moderation effects of grade level, instrument type, game-based intervention length, country, publication type, and study year characteristics on learning achievement. The concept of green chemistry in learning is an approach to designing chemical processes and products that are safer for the environment and human health. It aims to develop chemical processes and chemical products that are environmentally friendly and sustainable (Prabawati et al., 2015). Green chemistry has 12 principles that can be adapted to be applied in human attitudes and actions to save the environment. The principles of green chemistry can be adapted to be applied in human attitudes and actions to save the environment, which can be realised through green education (Mitarlis et al., 2016). Green chemistry learning is meaningful to reduce or eliminate hazardous chemicals and minimise waste and pollution resulting from chemical processes. Green Chemistry Learning aims to increase awareness and understanding of the environmental impacts of chemical processes, where students will learn about the importance of protecting the environment and human health, a (...truncated)