New bisexual form of Cavernocypris subterranea (Wolf, 1920) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Idaho

Great Basin Naturalist Volume 58 | Number 4 Article 8 10-12-1998 New bisexual form of Cavernocypris subterranea (Wolf, 1920) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Idaho Okan Külköylüoğlu University of Nevada, Reno Gary L. Vinyard University of Nevada, Reno Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Külköylüoğlu, Okan and Vinyard, Gary L. (1998) "New bisexual form of Cavernocypris subterranea (Wolf, 1920) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Idaho," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 58 : No. 4 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol58/iss4/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact , . Creat Basin aturallii 58(4), <C> 1998, pp. 3W-385 NEW BISEXUAL FORM OF CAVERNOCYPRIS SUBTERRANEA (WOLF, 1920) (CRUSTACEA, OSTRACODA) FROM IDAHO Okan Kiilkiiyliioglu l and Gary L. Vinyard l AJJSTRACf.-Males of Cavernoc!fP1is subterranea were found for the first time in an Idaho spring. The bisexual form is described based on soft body parts and valves. The genus Cavcrnocypris now includes 2 bisexual and 1 parthenogenetic species. Key wonh: CypridopsinM, Cavernocypris subterranea, crencbiQnt, bisexual form, ecology, ldalw. A recent revision of the genus Cooernocypris Hartmann (Ostracoda, Cypridopsinae) by Marmonier et al. (1989) suggested that this genus contains 3 species: Catiemocypris subten-anea (Wolf 1920), C. cOI'eana (McKenzie 1972), aod C. warcu Marmonier, Meisch, and Danielopol, 1989. Of these, only C. COreana and its subspecies C. careana elongala in South Korea have been reported to exist in bisexual popula. tions (McKenzie 1972, Mannonier et al. 1989). Parthenogenetic populations of C. S'Uhlerranea are known from Europe and central Asia, and parthenogenetic c. wardi has been reported from the western United States (Marmonier et al. 1989, Forester 1991, Ward et al. 1994). An undescribed species, Cavemocypris, n. sp., has also been reported from Ariwna (Danielopol et al. 1994). This study presents the first report of the bisexual fonn of Cavemocypris subwrranea and provides the first description of males of the species. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected 25 individuals (8 males and 17 females) on 4 August 1993 from Head Spring, near Brush Creek, in Malad City, Snake Valley, Bannock County (TllS, R38E, Sec 7), Idaho, Specimens were collected using a hand dipnet with a mesh size approximately 1 mm2 , preserved in 10% formalin, and subsequently stored in 70% ethanol. After isolating ostracods from the samples, we dissected specimens and mounted them in lactophenol. Species identi- fication is based both on soft body parts and valves, Ecological and physical data collected from the collection site are shown in Tahle l. All materials have been retained in the Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, except for 7 specimens deposited at the Musee National d'Histoire Naturelle, Luxembourg, by Dr. Claude Meisch. DESCRIPTION In general, modem ostracods are described based on their soft body parts and valves. Detailed information about the terminology and more description of the parts can be found in Moore (1961) and Van Morkhoven (1962). MALE.-Shell, viewed dorsally, is elongate and the width less than half the length. There is no double-folded inner list on the posterior margin of the left valve (L\~, and LV (range, 0.67-0.73 mm) is slightly longer than the right valve (RV; range, 0.63-0.73 mm). Height (H) is less than half the length (L; range, 0.2lHJ.34 mm) and approximately equal to the width (W; range, 0,27-0.33 mm). 10 lateral view (Figs. lA, 1B), valves are elongate and LV overlaps RV both anteriorly and posteriorly, The posterior end is slightly narrower than the anterior, but both are rounded in dorsal view. The fused zone of the inner lamella is wider at the ends and broader anteroventrally, Valves are whitishopaque and smooth. In some European speci- mens the valves may have a dorsa-median band \\~th pits. Some individuals may lack this band (C. Meisch, Luxembourg, personal lDepartmeot of Biology #314, Prognim in Ecology, E~'Olution, and Conservation Biology. UnivellityofNevad--Reno., R~o. NY 89557-0015. 380 1998] 381 NEW BISEXUAL CAVERNOCYPRIS SUBTERRANEA TABLE 1. Ecological and physical data collected from the study site. Name and location Head Spring, Malad City, Snake Valley, Bannock County, Idaho; TIIS, R38E, Sec 7 42"48'43" N 112"06'09" W 1842 m 9.6c C Latitude Longitude Elevation Water temperature 528 ~S/cm Conductivity pH 7.73 communication). In our specimens decalcification has destroyed this pitted area if it was present. The 1st antenna (Fig. Ie) or antennula (a1) has 7 segments (joints) with long natatory setae (as in females). Numbers of setae on each segment of a1 are 3;1;1-2:3:4-5:4:4. Unlike females, there is no row of delicate setae on the 1st segment of a1 of male specimens. The rome organ (r) is poorly developed. The 2nd antenna (a2) is 4-segmented (Fig. 1D). Swimming setae of a2 on the 2nd segment are reduced to 6 small setae, 5 of which A F fIJI"'.:: S1 ~==~-'= lOO,um B ,., ,~ ,• •, ........ E ",. "~'":;;;; :o;::::=~ .. ~ =~::::::--=-----=----:J:A~ ,,'¢. ~-~,=50,um c ............., ! - - - ' = 50,um ---'= 50,um G D 8 --~'=25,um Fig. 1. Cavemocypris subterranea: A, left valve of male (inner view); B, right valve of female (inner view); C, 1st antenna (antennula) (a1); D, last 3 joints of 2nd antenna (a2) (2nd joint bears 5 short and 1 longer setae); E, mandibula; F, mandibular palp; G, rakelike organ with 7 teeth. 382 GREAT BASI [Volume 58 ATURALIST c ---,=5~m G 2 B , - - - - , = 50,um 2 A F --'=5~m D ~--'=5o,um E _.---'=5~m "'g. 2, Cauernocypris subterranea: A, maxillae of male formed as right prehensile palp and left (B) prehensile palp; C, maxillae of female in normal srulpe; D, maxillula and ma:<illular paip of m<lle; E. Zenker organ with 11 whorls; F, hemipenis (lateral shield (Is] is spatula shaped); G, Curca ofC(,:lmale. barely extend to the proximal margin of the penultimate joint or podomore (3rd segment). The 1st dorsally located natatory seta extends halIWay up the penultimate joint (as in females). All sensory clubs «aesthetasc" (Y, YI, Y2' y:i) are present. The aesthetasc Y is I-segmented and its length equal to 33% of the dorsal edge of the 2nd segment and 37% of the ventral edge of the 2nd segment. The t and z setae are reduced on the 3rd segment. Claws Gl and G2 are about equal in length, 2/3 longer than G3 and 5/12 longer than the 2nd segment. Claws are serrate. Length of the GM claw on the 4th segment is about equal to G3 and 38% longer than the claw Gm that is about the smne size as or slightly longer than Y3' The mandibula (Fig. lE) ends with G teeth and 3 small setae, 1 hairy (...truncated)