Protein lipidation is a pivotal post-translational modification that increases protein hydrophobicity and influences their function, localization, and interaction network. Emerging evidence has shown significant roles of lipidation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, a comprehensive review of this topic is lacking. In this review, we present an integrated and in-depth...
A growing body of research suggests a bidirectional interaction between cancer and the nervous system. Neural cells exert their effects on tumors by secreting neurotransmitters and cell adhesion molecules, which interact with specific receptors on tumor cells to modulate their behavior. Conversely, tumor-secreted factors, particularly including inflammatory factors, can alter...
Prostate cancer (PCa) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) often co-occur, yet their relationship remains elusive. While some studies suggest that T2D lowers PCa risk, others report conflicting data. This study investigates the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists Bezafibrate, Tesaglitazar, and Pioglitazone on PCa tumorigenesis. Analysis of patient datasets...
Pyroptosis is a distinct form of programmed cell death characterized by the rupture of the cell membrane and robust inflammatory responses. Increasing evidence suggests that pyroptosis significantly affects the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pro-inflammatory mediators, thereby establishing it as a...
CD169+ macrophages in lymph nodes (LNs) activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which play a crucial role in anticancer immunity, through antigen presentation and co-stimulation by CD169. Interferon alpha (IFNα) is capable of inducing the CD169+ phenotype of macrophages; however, its clinical applications have been hindered by pharmacokinetic limitations—low LN distribution and...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is stratified by heterogeneity between disease sites, with proximal right-sided CRC (RCRC) multifactorial in its distinction from distal left-sided CRC (LCRC). Notably, right-sided tumors are associated with aggressive disease characteristics which culminate in poor clinical outcomes for these patients. While factors such as mutational profile and patterns...
Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is considered a permanent cell cycle arrest following DNA-damaging treatments; however, its irreversibility has recently been challenged. Here, we demonstrate that escape from TIS is universal across breast cancer cells. Moreover, TIS provides a reversible drug resistance mechanism that ensures the survival of the population, and could contribute...
Early-stage poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is plagued by a high risk of postoperative recurrence, and its prognostic heterogeneity complicates treatment and surveillance planning. We conducted this integrative multi-omics study to identify those patients with a truly high risk of adverse outcomes. Whole-exome, RNA and whole methylome sequencing were carried out...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of B cell and plasma cell malignancies, and numerous promising targets against solid tumours are being explored. Despite their initial therapeutic success in hematological cancers, relapse occurs in a significant fraction of patients, highlighting the need for further innovations in advancing CAR T...
In breast cancer related to the BRCA1 mutation, luminal progenitor cells are believed to be the cells of origin, yet how these cells transform into invasive cancer cells remain poorly understood. Here, we combine single-cell epigenomic and transcriptomic data to reconstitute sequences of events in luminal cells that lead to tumorigenesis. Upon deletion of Trp53 and Brca1, we find...
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent digestive system tumor, the fifth most diagnosed cancer worldwide, and a leading cause of cancer deaths. GC is distinguished by its pronounced heterogeneity and a dynamically evolving tumor microenvironment (TME). The lack of accurate disease models complicates the understanding of its mechanisms and impedes the discovery of novel drugs. A...
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is highly challenging to treat due to its poor prognosis and limited effective treatment options. Liposomal nanotechnology has emerged as a promising drug delivery platform in oncology, but existing liposomal therapies face limitations such as systemic toxicity, insufficient tumor selectivity, and low target specificity. Mesothelin (MSLN), an...
Drug resistance is one of the main reasons for cancer treatment failure, leading to a rapid recurrence/disease progression of the cancer. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has empowered physicians to use its powerful data processing and pattern recognition capabilities to extract and mine valuable drug resistance information from large amounts of clinical or omics data, to...
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among the most frequently occurring types of cancer, and its metastasis is a major contributor to its elevated mortality. Before the primary tumor metastasizes to secondary or distant organs, it remodels the microenvironment of these sites, creating a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) conducive to the colonization and growth of metastatic tumors. RCC...
PD-L1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, and VEGFR2, essential for cancer metastasis, play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis. However, their miniature bispecific intracellular nanobodies for combining check-point blockade and anti-metastasis anticancer therapy remain underexplored. The intrabodies were developed using gene cloning technology. Specificity of the intrabodies was...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been shown to promote drug resistance. Adenosine-to-inosine RNA-editing, as regulated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), is a process that induces the posttranscriptional modification of critical oncogenes. The aim of this study is to determine...
The vast majority of cancer-related deaths are attributed to metastasis. The lung, being a common site for cancer metastasis, is highly prone to being a target for multiple cancer types and causes a heavy disease burden. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that tumor metastasis necessitates continuous interactions between tumor cells and distant metastatic niches. Nevertheless...
The effectiveness of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited, however, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2) as a key regulator involved in immune evasion of HCC. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening was conducted to identify tumor-intrinsic genes pivotal for immune escape. In...
A striking characteristic of liver cancer is its extensive heterogeneity, particularly with regard to its varied response to immunotherapy. In this study, we employed multimodal sequencing approaches to explore the various aspects of neoadjuvant nivolumab treatment in liver cancer patients. We used spatially-resolved transcriptomics, single- and bulk-cell transcriptomics, and TCR...
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the most common pathological type of lung cancer, and the combination of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with chemotherapy has emerged as the first-line treatment for NSCLC. Nevertheless, the efficacy of this therapeutic approach remains variable. The present study aims to examine the impact of chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients, with a...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of death from cancer among women. Metastasis is the major cause of BC-associated mortality. Accumulating evidence implicates Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a structural protein of plasma membrane caveolae, in BC metastasis. Cav-1 exhibits a dual role, as both a tumor suppressor and promoter...