The power system based on the horizontal axis turbines has been extensively employed to harness the kinetic energy of the moving fluid to generate the clean renewable energy in several domains, such as wind, river, and sea. The characteristic of the rotational speed is one of the prominent aspects in designing the power based on the horizontal axis turbine. This is the...
This work investigated the optimization of biodiesel production from neem (Azadirachta indica) oil using a two-step transesterification process and determination of the qualities of the neem oil biodiesel. This was with a view to establish its production and viability potentials. Biodiesel production was carried using a two-step transesterification process. The first step was...
With the rise in global population and increased agricultural requirements comes an increasing need for freshwater. Currently, it is estimated that approximately 75% of fresh water consumption is for the growth of agricultural crops, and only 10% to 30% of this water is actually made available to plants. It is widely accepted that farming practices which rely heavily on chemical...
In this paper, a parametric study of the rhombic drive mechanism of a solar low-temperature Stirling engine was conducted. The goal is to find out the relationship between the rhombic drive mechanism parameters and the performance of a low-temperature differential Stirling engine. The results indicate that the offset distance from the gear center and gear radius of the rhombic...
The continued concerns over energy prices, increase in population, and climate change issues have led towards a need for alternative and new energy sources. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is generally accepted as a renewable energy resource. This research study presents a techno-economic assessment potential to utilize the energy obtainable from MSW for the generation of electrical...
A general mathematical model is developed to specify the performance of an irreversible gas turbine Brayton cycle incorporating two-stage compressor, two-stage gas turbine, intercooler, reheater, and regenerator with irreversibilities due to finite heat transfer rates and pressure drops. Ranges of operating parameters resulting in optimum performance (i.e., ηI ≥ 38 ≥ ηII ≥ 60...
Lignite has emerged as an additional important fuel source for thermal power generation in India. Circulating fluid bed combustion technology is applied considering the impurities, moisture, ash and sulfur content, and wide variations for large units. Lignite mineralogy greatly influences combustion behavior. Agglomeration and clogging/blockage are experienced due to sintering of...
The members of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf have typically addressed water scarcity problems by building energy-intensive desalination plants. Few efforts have addressed water scarcity through metering, pricing, and other efficiency measures to reduce demand. This paper examines how decreased leakage in the water distribution system and decreased...
This work optimises the collection of solar energy within the period of its availability in order to increase its utilisation and also to enhance performance of heating systems that depend on it through appropriate determination of optimum solar collector tilt angles. Buoyancy-induced flow equation in solar collector pipe was established by continuity, energy and Navier–Stokes...
LiCoPO4 has been recognized as a promising cathode material for lithium batteries due to its high stability and high operation voltage. However, poor electronic conductivity of LiCoPO4 prohibits its practical use. A carbon coating can improve electronic conductivity of LiCoPO4. A hydrothermal synthesis is a very convenient method because it allows us easy preparation of small...
An integrated and sustainable fermentation process was developed which enabled both the revalorization of two regional agro-industrial discards as well as by-product reuse. Carrot and brewer's yeast, which are commonly used for animal feed, were processed to obtain 77.5 L of ethanol, 450 kg of solid waste called bagasse, 970 L of liquid effluent called vinasse, and 39.8 kg CO2...
Based on preliminary investigations under controlled condition of drying experiments, a mixed-mode solar dryer with forced convection using smooth and rough plate solar collector was constructed. This paper describes the development of dryer considerations followed by the results of experiments to compare the performance of the smooth and the roughed plate collector. The thermal...
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as a component of solar radiation plays a major role in different applications dealing with plant canopies, biomass production and microalgae growth. The amount of PAR energy depends upon location, time of the year and atmospheric conditions. Understanding the PAR and its availability is very essential for modelling biological growth...
Recently, there exists a discrepancy on the lithium ion de-intercalation mechanism for LiCoPO4 electrode. In the present work, the study was focused upon exploring the origin of this discrepancy by studying the dependence of the impedance spectrum on the state of charge and the carbon content. For the pure LiCoPO4 electrode, the two plateaus in the charge curve are at 4.82 and 4...
The purpose of this research work is to investigate experimentally and computationally the feasibility of improving the performance of the vertical-axis Savonius wind turbine. The authors first performed a series of wind tunnel investigations on semi-cylindrical three-bladed Savonius rotor scale models with different overlap ratios and without overlap. These experiments were...
In this study, a modified ecological function is presented for four-temperature-level absorption refrigerators, and an absorption refrigerator has been optimized using this function. An equivalent system was initially identified, followed by the application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Next, the optimization results were interpreted. The results of the...
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that uses microorganisms as biocatalysts to transform chemical energy or light energy into electricity. However, the commercial applications of MFCs are limited by their performance. This review presents the perspective that in silico metabolic modelling based on genome-scale metabolic networks can be used for understanding the metabolisms...
Energy generation using solar photovoltaic requires large area. As cost of the land is growing day by day, there is a strong requirement to use the available land as efficiently as possible. Here, we explored the potential of energy generation using the land above national road highways by constructing a roof structure. This space can contribute to the energy generation without...
The quantities of common emissions are investigated for a specific type of commercial aircraft. Actual flight data and International Civil Aviation Organization emission data are used. All flight phases are considered, including landing and takeoff phases. The investigation is carried out for the domestic flights only and considers relevant parameters, such as engine type, flight...
Background The depletion of fossil fuel reserves has stimulated the search for sustainable sources of energy that are carbon-neutral or renewable. In this context, microalgae are a promising energetic resource. They are photosynthetic microorganisms that use CO2 as carbon source, with high specific growth rates. Furthermore, some species present high lipid content that can be...
This paper presents thermodynamic investigation and environmental consideration of combined Stirling-organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power cycle. Combined cycle can be assisted by solar energy and an ORC used as an annular cold-side heat rejector for a free piston Stirling cycle. ORC can increase the power output efficiency by 4% to 8% compared to that of a Stirling standard cycle...
Experimental studies are carried out on a semiclathrate hydrate system of carbon dioxide in tetra-n-butyl-ammonium bromide (TBAB) with a small amount of surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), for 5, 10, and 20 wt.% TBAB to determine the phase equilibrium temperature and pressure conditions. It is observed that the presence of SDS did not influence the equilibrium conditions of...
Statistical approach was employed to optimize biodiesel production from sesame oil in this work. Precisely, response surface methodology was applied, and the effects of four variables, viz. reaction temperature, catalyst amount, reaction time, and methanol/oil molar ratio, and their reciprocal interactions were determined. Central composite rotatable design was used to generate a...
Oil dependency and global warming have stimulated R&D activities on the utilization of secondary biofuels. This article investigates the suitability of coconut shell-derived producer gas (a secondary gaseous biofuel) as a substitute for coal gas from an environmental perspective using life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Thermochemical gasification in an air-fluidized bed with...
This study analyzed the electricity generation potential from wind at Kano, Nigeria (12.05°N; 08.2°E; altitude 472.5 m; air density 1.1705 kg/m3). Twenty one years (1987 to 2007) monthly mean wind speed data at a height of 10 m were assessed from the Nigeria Meteorological Department, Oshodi. The data were subjected to different statistical tests and also compared with the two...