Annals of Intensive Care

<em>Annals of Intensive Care</em> is an online peer-reviewed journal aimed at publishing high-quality review articles and original research papers on intensive care medicine. It is intended for all critical care providers (attending physicians, fellows, residents, nurses, and physiotherapists) seeking to update their own knowledge to ensure they provide the best care for their patients.

List of Papers (Total 1,251)

Fluid boluses and infusions in the early phase of resuscitation from septic shock and sepsis-induced hypotension: a retrospective report and outcome analysis from a tertiary hospital

Fluid administration is the first line treatment in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis and septic shock. While fluid boluses administration can be titrated by predicting preload dependency, the amount of other forms of fluids may be more complex to be evaluated. We conducted a retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital, to assess the ratio between fluids given as...

Heart–Lungs interactions: the basics and clinical implications

Heart–lungs interactions are related to the interplay between the cardiovascular and the respiratory system. They result from the respiratory-induced changes in intrathoracic pressure, which are transmitted to the cardiac cavities and to the changes in alveolar pressure, which may impact the lung microvessels. In spontaneously breathing patients, consequences of heart–lungs...

Nutritional and metabolic modulation of inflammation in critically ill patients: a narrative review of rationale, evidence and grey areas

Inflammation is the hallmark of critical illness and triggers the neuro-endocrine stress response and an oxidative stress. Acute inflammation is initially essential for patient’s survival. However, ongoing or exaggerated inflammation, due to persistent organ dysfunction, immune dysfunction or poor inflammation resolution, is associated to subsequent hypermetabolism and...

Interpretation of results of PCR and B-D-glucan for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in immunocompromised adults with acute respiratory failure

The accuracy of a diagnostic test depends on its intrinsic characteristics and the disease incidence. This study aims to depict post-test probability of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PJP), according to results of PCR and Beta-D-Glucan (BDG) tests in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). Diagnostic performance of PCR and BDG was extracted from literature. Incidence of...

Long term cognitive dysfunction among critical care survivors: associated factors and quality of life—a multicenter cohort study

To identify the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive dysfunction, 1 year after ICU discharge, among adult patients, and it´s relation with quality of life. Multicenter, prospective cohort study including ICUs of 10 tertiary hospitals in Brazil, between May 2014 and December 2018. The patients included were 452 adult ICU survivors (median age 60; 47.6% women) with an ICU...

Bloodstream infections among patients receiving therapeutic plasma exchanges in the intensive care unit: a 10 year multicentric study

Therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPE), which affect the humoral response, are often performed in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. For this reason, TPE may be associated with an increased susceptibility to infections. We aimed to describe blood stream infection (BSI) incidence in ICU patients treated with TPE and to identify associated risk factors. We retrospectively...

Performance and impact of rapid multiplex PCR on diagnosis and treatment of ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales rectal carriage

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) or ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia (vHAP) in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) carriers is challenging. BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia plus Panel (mPCR) can detect bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes, including blaCTX-M, the most common ESBL-encoding gene. This...

Therapeutic impact of basic critical care echocardiography performed by residents after limited training

The objective was to assess the agreement between therapeutic proposals derived from basic critical care echocardiography performed by novice operators in ultrasonography after a limited training (residents) and by experts considered as reference. Secondary objectives were to assess the agreement between operators’ answers to simple clinical questions and the concordance between...

Fluid accumulation syndrome in sepsis and septic shock: pathophysiology, relevance and treatment—a comprehensive review

In this review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize current literature on pathophysiology, relevance, diagnosis and treatment of fluid accumulation in patients with sepsis/septic shock. Fluid accumulation syndrome (FAS) is defined as fluid accumulation (any degree, expressed as percentage from baseline body weight) with new onset organ-failure. Over the years, many studies have...

Can central venous pressure help identify acute right ventricular dysfunction in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients?

To investigate the relationship between central venous pressure (CVP) and acute right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. This retrospective study enrolled mechanically ventilated critically ill who underwent transthoracic echocardiographic examination and CVP monitoring. Echocardiographic indices including tricuspid annular plane...

Biomarkers in pulmonary infections: a clinical approach

Severe acute respiratory infections, such as community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, constitute frequent and lethal pulmonary infections in the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite optimal management with early appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy and adequate supportive care, mortality remains high, in part attributable...

Predictive enrichment for the need of renal replacement in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: combination of furosemide stress test and urinary biomarkers TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7

In sepsis, initial resuscitation with fluids is followed by efforts to achieve a negative fluid balance. However, patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) often need diuretic or renal replacement therapy (RRT). The dilemma is to predict whether early RRT might be advantageous or diuretics will suffice. Both the Furosemide Stress Test (FST) and measurements of...

Post-intensive care syndrome screening: a French multicentre survey

Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), defined as physical, cognitive, and mental-health symptoms persisting long after intensive-care-unit (ICU) discharge, is increasingly recognised as a healthcare priority. Data on screening for PICS are sparse. Our objective here was to describe post-ICU screening in France, with special attention to visit availability and evaluations done...

Predictive value of dynamic arterial elastance for vasopressor withdrawal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn) has been investigated for its ability to predict hypotension during the weaning of vasopressors. Our study focused on assessing Eadyn’s performance in the context of critically ill adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit, regardless of diagnosis. Our study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic...

Urine output is an early and strong predictor of acute kidney injury and associated mortality: a systematic literature review of 50 clinical studies

Although the present diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) involves measurement of acute increases in serum creatinine (SC) and reduced urine output (UO), measurement of UO is underutilized for diagnosis of AKI in clinical practice. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a systematic literature review of published studies that evaluate both UO and SC in the detection...

Breathlessness assessment, management and impact in the intensive care unit: a rapid review and narrative synthesis

Adults in the intensive care unit (ICU) commonly experience distressing symptoms and other concerns such as pain, delirium, and breathlessness. Breathlessness management is not supported by any ICU guidelines, unlike other symptoms. To review the literature relating to (i) prevalence, intensity, assessment, and management of breathlessness in critically ill adults in the ICU...

The use of Guyton’s approach to the control of cardiac output for clinical fluid management

Infusion of fluids is one of the most common medical acts when resuscitating critically ill patients. However, fluids most often are given without consideration of how fluid infusion can actually improve tissue perfusion. Arthur Guyton’s analysis of the circulation was based on how cardiac output is determined by the interaction of the factors determining the return of blood to...

Recruitment-to-inflation ratio reflects the impact of peep on dynamic lung strain in a highly recruitable model of ARDS

The recruitment-to-inflation ratio (R/I) has been recently proposed to bedside assess response to PEEP. The impact of PEEP on ventilator-induced lung injury depends on the extent of dynamic strain reduction. We hypothesized that R/I may reflect the potential for lung recruitment (i.e. recruitability) and, consequently, estimate the impact of PEEP on dynamic lung strain, both...

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Patients on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) support are at a high risk of hemorrhagic complications, including upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and impact of this complication in V-A ECMO patients. A retrospective single-center study (2013–2017) was conducted on V-A ECMO patients...

Impact of a family support intervention on hospitalization costs and hospital readmissions among ICU patients at high risk of death or severe functional impairment

Patients with advanced critical illness often receive more intensive treatment than they would choose for themselves, which contributes to high health care costs near the end of life. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a family support intervention delivered by the interprofessional ICU team decreases hospitalization costs and hospital readmissions among...

Clinical phenotypes and outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineage JN.1 in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective, multicenter cohort study in France, November 2022 to January 2024

A notable increase in severe cases of COVID-19, with significant hospitalizations due to the emergence and spread of JN.1 was observed worldwide in late 2023 and early 2024. However, no clinical data are available regarding critically-ill JN.1 COVID-19 infected patients. The current study is a substudy of the SEVARVIR prospective multicenter observational cohort study. Patients...

Quantitative EEG reactivity induced by electrical stimulation predicts good outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest

EEG reactivity is a predictor for neurological outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest (CA); however, its application is limited by variability in stimulus types and visual assessment. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the quantitative analysis of EEG reactivity induced by standardized electrical stimulation and for early prognostication in this population...

Impact of intensive prone position therapy on outcomes in intubated patients with ARDS related to COVID-19

Previous retrospective research has shown that maintaining prone positioning (PP) for an average of 40 h is associated with an increase of survival rates in intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study aims to determine whether a cumulative PP duration of more than 32 h during the first 2 days of intensive care unit (ICU...