ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF FUNGI FROM MATTER AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCT JEMBARA BALI’s ORIGIN THAT HAVE THE CAPABILITY TO DISSOLVE THE PHOSPHATE AS BIO-FERTILIZER AGENT

Varitha, A., Sugiharta, A., Salim, M. 2017. Isolation And Selection Of Fungi From Matter And Organic Fertilizer Product Jembara Bali’s… . Journal of Sainstek 9(2): 190-197 ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF FUNGI FROM MATTER AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCT JEMBARA BALI’s ORIGIN THAT HAVE THE CAPABILITY TO DISSOLVE THE PHOSPHATE AS BIO-FERTILIZER AGENT Afny Varitha1, Arwan Sugiharta2, Marniati Salim 1 Chemistry Department, Andalas University, Padang The Indonesian Science and Reserch Institution (LIPI), Bogor Indonesia Email: 2 ABSTRACT The research about “The isolation and selection of fungi from matter and organic fertilizer product Jembara Bali’s origin that have the capability to dissolve the phosphate as Bio-fertilizer agent” have been done on February to June 2010, in The Indonesian Science an Research Institution (LIPI) Bogor. This research aimed to isolate the phosphate solvent fungi from the organic fertilizer product, to identify the kinds of fungi as the Bio-Fertilizer agent, to trial the phosphate dissolve in Laboratorial standard, and then to produce the biofertilizer product. The isolation results of the compos experiment (T1.1 and T1.3) and from the factory compos experiment (T2.1 and T2,2) are identified as Aspergillus sp. The sample of compost experiment (T1.2) is identified as Penicillium sp. Whereas, from the sample of an irrigated land (T3.1) is identified as Mycelliasterillia sp. The result of the test in laboratorial scale is resulted the best capability in dissolve the phosphate is Aspergillussp by T2.2 code. This is viewed by the halo zone diameter shaped is bigger than the others fungi’s kind, it is around 4,2 cm. The enzyme PME-aseacitivities have been tested in each fungi’s species such as : T2.2 (Aspergillus sp), T1.2 (Penicilliumsp), and T3.1 (Mycelliasterillia). The Aspergillus spfungi have the enzyme PME-ase activity is biggest, it is around 1,51 unite/gram. In short, the Aspergillus sp is used as the Bio-fertilizer agent. Key words: The phosphate dissolve fungi, Aspergillus sp, Penicilliumsp, Mycelliasterillia, PME-ase INTRODUCTION Some microorganism lives in the soil and does many activites giving advantages for others living creatures or support others lives naturally. The normal soil is structured by mineral particel, the rest of animals and plants, living system, water which are free or hygroscopic, organic or inorganic salts, gas or soil atmosphere (CO2, O2, N2 and others) (Gunalan, 1996). Some research institutuion and universities also take apart in developing organic agriculture through researches and giving cultivation technology information which can be applied to agriculture organic.Some efforts which have been done is by introducing biotechnology in organic system by using some microorganism which can help nutrient supply and controlling disease (Alexander, 1978). The using of soil microbes to increase and maintenance soil fertility is very important in this organic systems. The microbes role is to recycle nutrient, the temporary saving and releasing to use by plants (Alexander, 1978). The discipline knowledges is really needed to the succes of using microbes which is to increase the soil fertility. The soil microbiologist have started by learn and identify ecology microorganism which used as biofertilizer. The next, microorganism which is Journal of Sainstek. ISSN: 2085-8019 (p), 2580-278X (e). Published by Association of Mathematics Science Education and Technology State Institute for Islamic Studies (AMSET-IAIN) Batusangkar 190 Varitha, A., Sugiharta, A., Salim, M. 2017. Isolation And Selection Of Fungi From Matter And Organic Fertilizer Product Jembara Bali’s… . Journal of Sainstek 9(2): 190-197 from soil isolation is expanded in laboratorium condition by using artificial media. The success of this efforts gives wanted strains, not all the species is effective . And then, the effective strains is isolated and researched in the field whether result of inoculation can increase growth and production plants. The inoculation microorganism must be suitable with particular condition and competable or being prayed by the original microorganism (Olsen, 1962). Soil agriculture microbes is grouped to the two : disadvantegous and advantegous. Disadvantegous (virus, mushroom, bactery, the intruder nematode plants which are as pest and disease). Advantegous such as mushrooms and bactery which have ability to do good metabolism function for growth and plant production. The profitable soil microbial can be named as biofertilizer or organic fertilizer (Olsen, 1962). Phosphor is macro nutrient which is important to plants growth. In the acid soils, phosphor is combined as Al-P, Fe-P, OccludedP, While in grounded bases, phosphor is combined as Ca-P. By combination of P causes giving fertilizer is not efficient, so it is needed giving in high dosage. The plants just use P about 10-30 % from fertilizer P given , so 70-90% fertilizer p is still in the soil. Baceause of this unefficient, the researchers do some researches of using microbes solvent phosphate especially the solvent mushrooms which is as biofertilizer agent or organic fertilizer. (Olsen, 1962). This research aimed to isolate the phosphate solvent fungi from the organic fertilizer product, to identify the kinds of fungi as the Bio-Fertilizer agent, to trial the phosphate dissolve in Laboratorial standard, and then to produce the biofertilizer product. MATERIAL AND METHODS This research was done by experimentand description methods. Experiment method was done in fungi isolation steps from basic material of making compos in Jemberana, Bali, in where this making compos by using basic material starter and urine. Meanwhile description methods was done by fungi morphology analysis. The other sample which was used is pabric compos, field compos and puddy fields. From those materials was done the fungi isolation by using dilution simple technique. 2.1.Isolation of fungi to dissolve the phosphate Isolation of fungi was done by dilution simple technique. The solid sample such as paddy compos (1), pabric compos (2), and paddy fields (3) were weighed as much 1 grams and for liquid sample such as starter (4) and urine (5) was taken as much 1 mL, then were put into reaction tube which is contained the sterile aquadest as much 9 mL. After that it was done dilution for 7 times by dissolving 1 mL sample or 1 gr sample put into 9 mL sterile aquadest. The result of dilution 10-2, 10-5, 10-7 were taken 0,1 mL by using micropipette for being cultivated to petridish which is contained PDA and Ca3(PO4)2 by using spread plate method by aspetic in Laminar Air Flow. Petridish was incubate for 2-5 days in room temperature (25oC). This research was done in first day until seventh day (Lehninger, 1990). 2.2. The density calculation of fungi population The sample which was incubated was observed its colony in which growed everyday as long 7 days consequently. And then, it was done the calculation of fungi c (...truncated)