A review on impact of leadership styles in organizations

Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü Dergisi 2020 Cilt 2, Sayı 2, 87-91. Doi: 10.47542/sauied.651557 A review on impact of leadership styles in organizations Afet KIYAK1, F.Gamze BOZKURT2 1 Business Expert, Eastern İllinois University, MBA,USA, , Orcid Id: 0000-0002-9815-2736. 2 Dr.Öğr.Üyesi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, İşletme Fak., İKY Böl., , Orcid Id: 0000-0003-1879-4382. ARTICLE INFO Review Article Received 27 November 2019 Received in revised form 16 November 2020 Accepted 17 November 2020 Abstract This study aims to investigate the different effects of different leadership styles on the organization with a new projected discussion model and to prove that it produces varied outcomes. The study explains what leadership is, gives detailed information on major leadership styles and well-known theories, and discusses how gender differences and emotional intelligence relate to the leadership styles. The study builds on the broad existing literature reviews and arguments. The existing theoretical frameworks on different approaches of leadership styles and arguments are presented consistent with the view of leadership concept influence teamwork collaboration, cooperation, and organizational performance. Moreover, another aim of this study is to correct the false facts by explaining the differences between a leader and a manager and to support the theoretical gaps in these areas with different proven approaches. After reviewing and explaining the concept of leadership approaches and styles in organizational management strategies, the importance of behavioral and personal characteristics of leaders are emphasized. In this context, different variables (such as gender differences and emotional intelligence) are effective in shaping leadership styles. An argument is presented that a casual relationship exists between different variables and the leadership styles; the casual relationship is moderated by firm-varying selections of leadership types. Also, the research paper predicts how leadership will evolve in the future. The concept of leadership is changing with the widespread use of new high technologies and the speed of globalization. Therefore, organizations take this into account while determining their long-term goals. By the time, the impact of these goals on corporate culture is also modifying and transforming. Key Words: Leadership, transnational, transactional, leader, gender, emotional intelligence. Örgütlerde liderlik tarzlarının etkileri üzerine bir bakış MAKALE BİLGİLERİ Özet Derleme Geliş Tarihi 27 Kasım 2019 Revizyon 16 Kasım 2020 Kabul tarihi 17 Kasım 2020 Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı liderlik tarzlarının örgütler üzerindeki etkilerini yeni tartışılan modellerle birlikte araştırmak ve ortaya koyduğu çeşitli sonuçları tespit etmektir. Ayrıca, bu çalışma liderliğin ne olduğunu temel liderlik teorileri ve tarzları ile birlikte detaylı bir şekilde açıklamakta ve cinsiyet farklılıkları ile duygusal zekanın liderlik tarzları ile ilişkisini tartışmaktadır. Çalışma detaylı bir literatür taramasına dayanmaktadır. Liderlik tarzlarına ve argümanlarına ilişkin farklı yaklaşımlar üzerine var olan teorik çerçeveler; takım çalışması, işbirliği ve örgütsel performansı etkileyen liderlik bakışıyla tutarlı olarak sunulmuştur. Lider ve yönetici arasındaki farklılıklar açıklanarak bu alandaki teorik boşluk desteklenmiştir. Örgütsel yönetim stratejileri içinde yaratılan liderlik tarzları ve yaklaşımları gözden geçirilip açıklandıktan sonra liderlerin davranışsal ve kişilik özelliklerinin önemi vurgulanmıştır. Bu bağlamda farklı değişkenlerin (cinsiyet farklılıkları ve duygusal zeka) liderlik tarzını şekillendirmede etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda farklı değişkenler ve liderlik tarzları arasında nedensel bir ilişkinin var olduğu ve bu nedensel ilişkininde firmaya göre değişen liderlik tarzları tarafından düzenlendiği tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, çalışma gelecekte liderliğin nasıl gelişeceğini öngörmektedir. Nitekim, yeni yüksek teknolojilerin yaygın kullanımı ve küreselleşmenin hızı ile birlikte liderlik kavramı değişmektedir. Bu nedenle, örgütler uzun vadeli amaçlarını belirlenirken bunu dikkate almaktadırlar. Bu amaçlarda kurum kültürünü değiştirmekte ve dönüştürmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Liderlik, uluslararası, işlemsel, lider, cinsiyet, duygusal zeka. Introduction Leadership concept is as old as human being history. The collective life and organization of the people created the necessity of the management and leadership. In todays’ world, leadership is an important mechanism that plays the biggest role in managing organizations and achieving their mission and vision. Besides, every society has different meanings from its cultural perspective in terms of its leadership structure. While a leader according to a society, a divine person who must be strictly obeyed, according to another society, is an ordinary person who is only responsible and criticized. The similarity of organizational culture with the approach of community culture shows that in their view of leadership is the inevitability of an interaction process between the organization and leadership. Leadership is a process in which a leader is managing a certain group of employees or an organization, guiding and inspiring people working within the organization. Leaders can influence others because of their power. Power means, not power over others, the ability to influence the behaviors of others. Leaders not only control the work that employees do, they can also provide guidance on how to do the task assigned to them. Moreover, a leader must emotionally support employees. When employees have a problem, leaders should be able to communicate with them and help in solving problems. Leaders should also consider the personal rights and freedoms of employees and provide them with a working environment where they can work efficiently. Leaders not only set the vision and mission, but also ensure that employees understand and adopt them properly. All these features show that leadership is one of the most dominant functions in managing organizations. A person can become a better leader by coaching, networking, mentoring, giving 360-degree feedback, training, providing job assignments, role-playing to the subordinates and need to has action about learning and simulations (Folkman, 2010). Therefore, understanding different leadership theories, models and styles are very important for the success of businesses, enterprises, and their employees. Improving innovation technology, altering environmental conditions, changing knowledge to high level and socio-cultural and economic improvements are coming into the new view of management and leadership concepts, pursue a strategy and perceptiveness. This study describes what leadership is, provide details on major leadership styles and well-known theories, discuss how gender differences and emotional intelligent correlate to leadership styles, and project how lea (...truncated)