A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics

RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, Jun 2021

The teaching of pragmatic features in the field of ELT has received more attention recently. Many studies indicated that English textbooks fail to represent the features of pragmatics. Yet, textbooks are a valuable source of information for students, so it is vital for teachers to be able to enrich the textbook activities for teaching pragmatics. However, to what extent teachers can achieve this has not been investigated yet. Moreover, no studies have been found investigating the views of EFL teachers on the teaching materials for pragmatics instruction. To fill in this gap, a dialogue activity aiming to teach requests was modified based on the relevant literature. The modified activity was presented to the attention of 100 Turkish EFL teachers. Then, the views of EFL teachers on the modified activity were investigated through a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The study also aimed to question if teachers were willing to adapt textbook activities for more effective pragmatics instruction. The results indicated that teachers found the modifications useful for pragmatics instruction. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found between those who had taken a course on pragmatics during their teacher training and the ones who had not. It was found that teachers regarded material adaptation for the instruction of pragmatics as a must. Even so, they admitted that none of them had made such adaptations as they thought they were not equipped with a satisfying level of knowledge on pragmatics.

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A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics

894 / RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2021.23 (June) A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics / Ç. Karatepe; M. Civelek (pp. 894-910) 56. A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics Çiğdem KARATEPE1 Mustafa CİVELEK2 APA: Karatepe, Ç.; Civelek, M. (2021). A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (23), 894-910. DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.953259. Abstract The teaching of pragmatic features in the field of ELT has received more attention recently. Many studies indicated that English textbooks fail to represent the features of pragmatics. Yet, textbooks are a valuable source of information for students, so it is vital for teachers to be able to enrich the textbook activities for teaching pragmatics. However, to what extent teachers can achieve this has not been investigated yet. Moreover, no studies have been found investigating the views of EFL teachers on the teaching materials for pragmatics instruction. To fill in this gap, a dialogue activity aiming to teach requests was modified based on the relevant literature. The modified activity was presented to the attention of 100 Turkish EFL teachers. Then, the views of EFL teachers on the modified activity were investigated through a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The study also aimed to question if teachers were willing to adapt textbook activities for more effective pragmatics instruction. The results indicated that teachers found the modifications useful for pragmatics instruction. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found between those who had taken a course on pragmatics during their teacher training and the ones who had not. It was found that teachers regarded material adaptation for the instruction of pragmatics as a must. Even so, they admitted that none of them had made such adaptations as they thought they were not equipped with a satisfying level of knowledge on pragmatics. Keywords: Pragmatics instruction, ELT material adaptation, speech acts, requests İngilizce öğretmenlerinin edimbilim öğretimi için materyal uyarlaması konusundaki görüşleri üzerine örnek bir inceleme Öz İngiliz dili eğitimi alanında son zamanlarda edimbilimsel dil öğelerinin öğretimi daha fazla ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. Alandaki araştırmalar, İngilizce ders kitaplarının edimbilimsel öğeleri sunma konusunda yetersiz kaldığını göstermiştir. Ders kitaplarının öğrenciler için önemli bir bilgi kaynağı olması nedeniyle, öğretmenlerin ders kitaplarındaki edimbilim aktivitelerini zenginleştirebilmeleri önemlidir. Ancak, öğretmenlerin bunu ne ölçüde başarabileceği henüz araştırılmamıştır. İlgili alanyazın incelendiğinde öğretmenlerin edimbilim öğretim materyalleri hakkındaki görüşlerini inceleyen bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu boşluğu doldurmak için, ilk olarak amacı ricaları öğretmek olan bir ders kitabı aktivitesi alanyazın taranarak zenginleştirilmiştir. Sonra bu aktivite 1 2 Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Yabancı Diller Eğitimi Bölümü, İngiliz Dili Eğitimi ABD (Bursa, Türkiye), , ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2902-6656 [Araştırma makalesi, Makale kayıt tarihi: 1.03.2021-kabul tarihi: 20.06.2021; DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.953259] Yüksek Lisans Öğrencisi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İngiliz Dili Eğitimi Programı (Bursa, Türkiye), , ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4304-4252 Adres RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Osmanağa Mahallesi, Mürver Çiçeği Sokak, No:14/8 Kadıköy - İSTANBUL / TÜRKİYE 34714 e-posta: tel: +90 505 7958124, +90 216 773 0 616 Address RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies Osmanağa Mahallesi, Mürver Çiçeği Sokak, No:14/8 Kadıköy - ISTANBUL / TURKEY 34714 e-mail: , phone: +90 505 7958124, +90 216 773 0 616 RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 2021.23 (Haziran)/ 895 İngilizce öğretmenlerinin edimbilim öğretimi için materyal uyarlaması konusundaki görüşleri üzerine örnek bir inceleme / Ç. Karatepe; M. Civelek (894-910. s.) 100 Türk İngilizce öğretmeninin dikkatine sunulmuştur. Ardından öğretmenlerin görüşleri hakkında bilgi, bir anket ve yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Aynı zamanda öğretmenlerin edimbilim öğretimi için ders kitabı aktivitelerini uyarlama konusunda istekli olup olmadıkları da sorgulamaktadır. Bulgular, öğretmenlerin ders kitabı aktivitesinde yapılan değişiklikleri edimbilim öğretimi için faydalı bulduklarını göstermiştir. Ayrıca akademik eğitimleri sırasında edimbilim hakkında bir ders almış olan katılımcılar ile almayanlar arasında istatistiksel bir fark bulunmamıştır. Öğretmenler edimbilim öğretimi için materyal uyarlamanın bir zaruret olduğunu düşünmektedirler. Yine de, edimbilim konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları için, katılımcıların tamamının bu tür uyarlamalar yapmadıklarını kabul etmişlerdir. Anahtar kelimeler: Edimbilim öğretimi, ingilizce materyal uyarlaması, söz eylemleri, ricalar 1. Introduction In educational contexts where English is taught as a foreign language, textbooks play a vital role. During the last three decades, textbook and curriculum writers have highlighted the communicative aspect of language (Ren & Han, 2016). Yet, they seem to have failed to emphasise the importance of pragmatic competence within communicative competence (Karatepe, 1998; Taguchi, 2011, 2015; Wyner & Cohen, 2015). Pragmatic competence has two important aspects: a) learner’s ability to interpret messages within a given context of situation, and b) learner’s ability to use language appropriately within a given context of situation (Lo Castro, 2003; Ren & Han, 2016). Blum-Kulka et al. (1989) argued that “Even fairly advanced language learners’ communicative acts regularly contain pragmatic errors, or deficits, in that they fail to convey or comprehend the intended illocutionary force or politeness value” (p. 10). For instance, making a request requires both knowing how to perform a request in its less facethreatening form and having the ability to use one’s knowledge of vocabulary and grammar appropriately in a given context of situation (Bialystok, 1993). Such forms are usually conventionalised and cannot be produced simply by manipulating one’s grammatical knowledge. Thus, learners have to learn about these conventional forms because politeness is often expressed via conventional formulae, such as ‘Bless you’ in English, ‘Geçmiş olsun’ in Turkish and ‘Gute besserung’ in German. Second/ foreign language learners cannot produce these forms simply by manipulating their repertoire of grammar and vocabulary (Bardovi-Harlig, 2012). Like many other social functions of language, forms of requests have been conventionalised. That is, they have become fixed formulaic expressions, such as ‘if you do not mind (‘zahmet olmazsa’ in Turkish)’. As a result, it is not a realistic expectation that a learner can us (...truncated)


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Çiğdem KARATEPE, Mustafa CİVELEK. A case study on EFL teachers’ views on material adaptation for teaching pragmatics, RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021, pp. 894-910, Issue 23, DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.953259