HYDROELECTRIC ROAD RAMP

ISSN 2307–3489 (Print), ІSSN 2307–6666 (Online) Наука та прогрес транспорту. ВісникДніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2019, № 3 (81) ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ, ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ СИСТЕМИ ТА КОМПЛЕКСИ UDC 625.712.36:620.92 A. ZARKESHEV1*, C. CSISZAR2* 1*Dep. «Transport Technology and Economics», Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Stoczek St., 2., Budapest, Hungary, 1111, tel. +36 (20) 263 66 72, e-mail , ORCID 0000-0002-5065-2483 2*Dep. «Transport Technology and Economics», Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Stoczek St., 2., Budapest, Hungary, 1111, tel. +36 (20) 263 66 72, e-mail , ORCID 0000-0002-4677-3733 HYDROELECTRIC ROAD RAMP Purpose. The purpose of the study was to elaborate on a renewable source of energy using daily vehicles' traffic. The research question was how to produce electricity by using vehicle's kinetic energy and water-contained energy. In this paper «hydroelectric road ramp» is described as an auxiliary energy source which can be used in smart cities. Methodology. By conducting the literature review of adjacent methods and existing inventions, combining principles of work of these inventions, the system for producing electricity without destroying nature has been designed. Findings. Based on the supposition that 200 vehicles per hour pass over a ramp, the findings show that power generated by the system equals to 405,34 W. Considering the fact, that city roads function around the clock we can multiply the obtained result by 24 hours. Thus, we can accumulate a lot of electricity for efficient using in necessary goals. Even considering the fact that road capacity is different hour by hour, there is an opportunity to generate enough electricity for its conservation and further usage. Originality. From one side ‘hydroelectric road ramp’ is the system of generating electricity by using principles of work of conventional hydroelectric power station and pneumatic water sprayer, from the other side it is a speed breaker which may improve the safety conditions on the road. Practical value. The calculations we obtained led us to the theoretical conclusion that electricity getting from new source can be effectively used in the 'smart city' such as: powering street lights, traffic lights or serve as a complementary source of energy for e-mobiles charging points. Keywords: alternative energy; kinetic energy; water-contained energy; electricity; smart city; speed breaker Introduction There is a fact that renewable energies are considered as proper alternative energy, which reduces carbon dioxide emission. This means renewable energy like wind energy, solar, tidal, biomass, geothermal which are not harmful for environment can be used as alternative. As a car passes over a speed breaker most of kinetic energy is wasted as heat in it. However, the speed bumps on roads, where huge amount of vehicle's kinetic energy is wasting, can be used to retrieve this kinetic energy and generating electricity [1]. There are some methods of converting vehicle's kinetic energy into electrical energy such as follows: «Electro-Kinetic Road Ramp' [2] which was Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International doi: https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2019/171292 36 tested in some countries and proved its effectiveness or 'Design of Power Generation Unit Using Roller Mechanism' which is implemented by using simple drive mechanism such as Roller, some interfaced Electrical components and chain drive Mechanism [6]. Nevertheless, we propose novel nonconventional method called ‘hydroelectric road ramp’ that is significantly different from the proposed by previous researchers. ‘Hydroelectric road ramp’ serves not only as a speed bump for traffic calming, but also it is a new method of generating electricity by using principles of work of conventional hydroelectric power station [7] and pneumatic water sprayer [10]. © A. Zarkeshev, C. Csiszar, 2019 ISSN 2307–3489 (Print), ІSSN 2307–6666 (Online) Наука та прогрес транспорту. ВісникДніпропетровського національного університету залізничного транспорту, 2019, № 3 (81) ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ, ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ СИСТЕМИ ТА КОМПЛЕКСИ Purpose The purpose of the study was to elaborate on a renewable source of energy using daily vehicles' traffic. The research question was how to produce electricity by using vehicle's kinetic energy and water-contained energy. The calculation of power output has been calculated considering approximate identified variables. Also during the calculation we considered X vehicles per hour, however practical result can be distinguished from the theoretical one due to stochastic process of the vehicle's movement. We have presumed that electricity getting from new source can be conserved and used in traffic lights, powering streets or serve as a supplementary source of energy for electro mobility charging points. This paper does not provide a detailed analysis of material properties and technical characteristics of the system elements such as turbine, electronic pressure controller, tank, etc., as well as cost calculation. The study is purely theoretical, as a practical experiment requires significant resources. Therefore, approximate initial numerical data which are shown in Fig.2 have been used during energy calculation. – determination the velocity at which the water leaves the tank using the Bernoulli equation; – calculation of the volume rate of flow; – calculation of power generated by the system. Methodology Fig. 1. Research methodology Publicly accessible sources like standards, scientific articles, and reports contain limited information on the proposed method of electricity generating. To overcome this shortcoming, further information is collected through the literature review of adjacent methods and existing inventions. Combining principles of work of these inventions, the necessary result was received. Fig. 1 illustrates the research approach, which includes a literature review of several relevant inventions in order to collect information and create a non-conventional method of producing electricity. The calculation methodology included the following steps: – calculation of the volume of the reservoir; a finding of the gauge pressure in the tank after n number of pumps; – amount of water in each stroke of the pump has been found; – identification of an absolute pressure inside the tank; Model description Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International doi: https://doi.org/10.15802/stp2019/171292 The ramp serves as launching mechanism [4] for hydroelectric power station by harnessing the kinetic energy of automobiles that drive over ramp. It is not dangerous for the vehicles and cannot become the cause of waste petrol when a car passes over it [5]. Because on the road surface it serves only as a conventional speed breaker, however in underground it connects with mini station producing electricity with water usage [8]. Fig. 2 represents the ramp structure and princ (...truncated)