Effect of integrated plant nutrient management on indicators related to yield and productivity of spring barley (Hordéum vulgáre) under drought conditions in the growing season

Research article https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/refame Effect of integrated plant nutrient management on indicators related to yield and productivity of spring barley (Hordéum vulgáre) under drought conditions in the growing season Efecto del manejo integrado de nutrientes de las plantas en los indicadores relacionados con el rendimiento y la productividad de la cebada de primavera (Hordéum vulgáre) en condiciones de sequía en etapa de crecimiento https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.97384 Hladkikh Yevheniia1*, Siabruk Olesia1, Revtie-Uvarova Alina1 and Smychenko Vadym1 ABSTRACT Keywords: Abiotic stress Integrated plant nutrient management system Localization of fertilizers Mineral fertilizers Stress protector The agricultural production of the world is becoming increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather conditions, but adaptation to such conditions still suffers from a lack of integrated solutions and approaches that should cover relevant plant nutrition management issues, as well as technological mechanisms and tools. This study aimed to investigate the impact of fertilizer systems on yield indicators and the productivity of spring barley under arid growing conditions and determine the correlation between yield indicators and barley productivity to form a fertilization strategy for this crop under drought conditions. Two separate field experiments were conducted in 2018 in a small plot in six replications based on a long-term research field experiment on chernozem-type soil (black soil). As components of an integrated plant nutrient management system, the combined application of mineral fertilizers and stress protectors was used (for seed inoculation and foliar treatment), as well as the local application of mineral fertilizers at different depths (10-12 cm, 20-22 cm and at two depths simultaneously). The application of components of an integrated plant nutrient management system increased the chlorophyll content, leaf water content, and grain yield. These benefits of integrated fertilizer management led to significant improvement in grain yield. The maximum values of this indicator were noted for foliar treatment of plants by a stress protector at a rate of 1.0 L ha-1 (once per growing season) or 0.5 L ha-1 (twice per growing season) and for deep localization of mineral fertilizers (to a depth of 20-22 cm). The content of chlorophyll and bound water in the tissues of barley plants can be used as an indicator to determine the resistance of plants to arid growing conditions since these physiological characteristics are closely correlated with the yield of barley. RESUMEN Palabras clave: Estrés abiótico Sistema integrado de gestión de la nutrición vegetal Localización de fertilizantes Fertilizantes minerales Protector de estrés La producción agrícola del mundo se está volviendo cada vez más vulnerable a las condiciones climáticas extremas, pero la adaptación a tales condiciones todavía adolece de una falta de soluciones y enfoques integrados que deberían cubrir los problemas relevantes de gestión de la nutrición vegetal, así como los mecanismos y herramientas tecnológicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el impacto de los sistemas de fertilizantes en los indicadores de rendimiento y la productividad de la cebada de primavera en condiciones de crecimiento áridas y determinar la correlación entre los indicadores de rendimiento y la productividad de la cebada para formar una estrategia de fertilización de este cultivo en condiciones de sequía. En 2018 se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos de campo separados en parcelas pequeñas con seis repeticiones basadas en un experimento de campo de investigación a largo plazo en un suelo tipo chernozem (suelo negro). Como componentes del sistema de manejo integral de la nutrición vegetal, se utilizó la aplicación combinada de fertilizantes minerales y protectores de estrés (para inoculación de semillas y tratamiento foliar), así como la aplicación local de fertilizantes minerales a diferentes profundidades (10-12 cm, 20-22 cm y a dos profundidades simultáneamente). La aplicación de componentes del sistema integrado de gestión de la nutrición vegetal aumentó el contenido de clorofila, el contenido de agua de las hojas, producción de grano. Estos beneficios del manejo integrado de fertilizantes condujeron a una mejora considerable en el rendimiento de grano. Los valores máximos de este indicador se observaron para el tratamiento foliar de las plantas con un protector de estrés a una tasa de 1.0 L ha-1 (una vez por temporada de crecimiento) o 0.5 L ha-1 (dos veces por temporada de crecimiento) y para la localización profunda de fertilizantes minerales (hasta una profundidad de 20-22 cm). También se determinó que el contenido de clorofila y agua unida en los tejidos de las plantas de cebada se puede utilizar como indicadores para determinar la resistencia de las plantas en condiciones de crecimiento árido, dado que estas características fisiológicas están estrechamente relacionadas con el rendimiento de la cebada. National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky” (ISSAR), Kharkiv, Ukraine. , , * Corresponding author 1 Received: January 25, 2022; Accepted: April 14, 2022 Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín 75(2): 9909-9918. 2022 ISSN 0304-2847 / e-ISSN 2248-7026 , Hladkikh Y, Siabruk O, Revtie-Uvarova A, Smychenko V 9910 S pring barley (Hordéum vulgáre) is an early ripening crop with a significant variety of forms. It withstands air drought better than other spring grains, providing sustainable yields. The grain of barley is widely used for food, feed, and brewing purposes. In terms of sown area, it ranks second among spring grain crops in Ukraine (Statistical Yearbook, 2020). The general demand of the state for barley grain significantly exceeds the level of modern production. A successful solution to this problem lies in the stable increase in its grain productivity. Barley has a short growing season; therefore, it reacts negatively to insufficient soil moisture during the period of active growth of leaf mass. Drought as abiotic stress mostly limits the growth and development of crops (Barnabás et al., 2008; Sehgal et al., 2019). Water stress hinders growth by diminishing the water turgor of the plant cells, which adversely affects biochemical and physiological processes in plants (Liang et al., 2019). One of the primary physiological consequences of water deficit is the prohibition of photosynthesis, because of a deficit of Ci (intercellular CO2 concentration) as a result of chlorophyll destruction, stomatal closure, and disorder of the photochemical system (Liu et al., 2016). Morgun et al. (2010) in their scientific review also noted, that suppression of plant growth under conditions of soil moisture deficit occurs mainly due to a decrease in their carbon dioxide balance (the difference between the absorption and loss of CO2), which depen (...truncated)