Adjacency Pairs in ‘Daebak Show’ YouTube Video: Conversation Analysis

International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) Vol. 5, No. 2, December 2023, pp. 99-110 ISSN 2686-0120 (print), 2686-5106 (online) 99 http://journal.univetbantara.ac.id/index.php/ijelle/index Adjacency Pairs in ‘Daebak Show’ YouTube Video: A Conversation Analysis Amelia Latifah a,1,*, Hero Gunawan b,2, a,b English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Widyatama University *; 2 * Corresponding Author 1 Received 20 November 2023; accepted 9 December 2023; published 22 January 2024 ABSTRACT The research is intended to analyze the adjacency pair in the video conversation between Eric Nam and Jackson Wang. The purpose of this research is (1) to identify the conversation pattern between Eric Nam and Jackson Wang and (2) to analyze the types of responses based on the adjacency pairs pattern that occurs in the conversation between Eric Nam and Jackson Wang. The data source used is a YouTube video published by Dive Studio which contains a conversation between Eric Nam and Jackson Wang in Daebak Show season 2, episode 5 part 1. The method used to conduct this research is descriptivequalitative. The theoretical bases of this research is Levinson’s theory (1983) and Schegloff’s theory (2007). The results of this research show that (1) 106 adjacency pair pattern data have been identified with the number of frequencies of each pattern as follows: 56 Question-answer/Unanswered, 28 AssessmentAgreement/Disagreement, 8 Request-Acceptance/Refusal, 7 Offer/InviteAcceptance/Refusal, and 7 Blame-Denial/Admission. (2) Based on each pattern found, analyzed the type of response and found 80 (75%) data belonging to the preferred response type and 26 (25%) data belonging to the disreferred response. The high percentage of preferred responses is evidence that the conversation between them is going well. KEYWORDS Conversation Analysis Adjacency Pairs Preferred Response Dispreferred Response Daebak Show This is an openaccess article under the CC–BY-SA license 1. Introduction Humans are social beings who certainly interact and communicate in meeting their needs. Communication is highly needed by many of us because one cannot make contact without contact with people (Saptiyanto et al., 2022). Communication is at the heart of social work (Mullins et al., 2022). Communication is highly needed by many of us because one cannot make contact without contact with people. One of the types of communication is conversation. Conversation is the most basic form of activities undertaken by humans to establish relationships between one another (Bintana et al., 2018). Conversation is a verbal communication, which needs a language as a medium. Language has a role as a communication tool that helps humans as social beings to exchange information, ideas and feelings by communicating with each other (Simatupang et al., 2021). Language is a means of communication between speakers and listeners to get information (Hamidah1 et al., 2021). When the conversation takes place indirectly in it a conversation pattern will be formed. Patterns in a conversation have an important role, including supporting the success of the communication. The study that is able to analyze conversations is called conversation analysis. Conversation analysis was first introduced by Harvey Sacks in 1977. According to (Hardika et al., 2022) conversation analysis helps people to make good practice of interaction when they speak with someone else. In conversation analysis, adjacency pair is a two-part exchange in which the second utterance is functionally (Kusuma, 2018). Levinson offers a definition of adjacency pairs provided by, schegloff & Sacks (1973) quoted from (Kusuma, 2018) which defines adjacency pairs according to their characteristics, i.e. being adjacent, produced by different speakers, ordered as first part and second part, so that a particular first part requires a particular second part. Adjacency pairs are automatic sequences of two utterances produced by two speakers, whereas, the conversation of the second utterances related to the first utterances (Pardede et al., 2021). In the concept of adjacency doi :10.32585/ijelle.v5i2.4893 100 International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) Vol. 5., No. 2, December 2023, pp. 99-110 ISSN 2686-0120 (print), 2686-5106 (online) pair, the second utterance has two responses, namely preferred and dispreferred responses, and both have an important role in the continuation of the conversation itself. So, the adjacency pairs create an obvious meaning in social interaction through conversation.. Adjacency pairs are a sequence of conversational events. It also states that side-by-side pairing is the most important element of the opening, body and closing of a conversation. Yule (2006) also defines the adjacency pair pattern into two parts namely the first and second pair parts. The second pair part is the response of the first pair part and it is known as the preference structure. The following adjacency patterns are taken from many sources and stated by Levinson (1983:336). Table 1. Pattern of Adjacency pairs First Pair Parts Request Offer/Invite Assessment Question Blame Second Pair Parts Acceptance / Refusal Acceptance / Refusal Agreement / Disagreement Answered / Unanswered Denial / admission Source: Levinson (1983:336) The table 1 is a classification of adjacency pairs patterns according to the theory by Levinson (1983:336): there are 5 pairs of adjacency pairs consisting of first pair parts and second pair parts. both are interconnected so that they can form a continuous pattern and complement each other to support the flow of a conversation. the following patterns are Request-Acceptance/Refusal, Offer/Invite-Acceptance/ efusal, Assessment- Agreement / Disagreement, QuestionAnswered/Unanswered, Blame- Denial / admission. The following is an example of the theoretical description of Adjacency Pairs above: A: “What’s your favorite color?” B: “Blue, I thought you knew.” (Paltridge, 2012) The pattern of adjacency pairs in number 1 belongs to question-answer pattern. Through the example above, A asks B a question about his favorite color. Then B responds in the form of A's expected answer, which is blue. The acts of second pair parts is response. According to Levinson (1983), there is an element in adjacency pairs which is called as preference structure, which are divided into preferred structure and dispreferred structure. In addition, in a conversation, both the speaker and the hearer do take their turn during conversational exchanges, but the acts as implied can be either preferred or dispreferred acts (Mudra, 2018). Preferred response is a positive and structured response given by the second pair of parts. According to (A.Schegloff, 2007), there are two groups of features which can be used to recognize the preferred response: simple and no delay. Schegloff (2007) adds preferred responses are likely short, straightforwa (...truncated)