The struggle of the Volynians against polonization of the Orthodox

Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, Jul 2024

The politics of the Polish authority regarding the Orthodox Church in Poland in the second half of the 1930s is analyzed in the article. The purpose of the article is to research the peculiarities of the politics of polonization in the eastern voivodeships of Poland. The main aim of it was religious assimilation and liquidation of all achievements of the national- church movement. The author has analyzed archival documents, materials of the periodical press and publications, in which problems related to the policy of polonization in the eastern provinces of Poland are highlighted. Methodology of the research. The methodological basis of the article was made up of the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity and interdisciplinary approach. General scientifi c, special- historical and interdisciplinary methods are applied. Each of them was effective in a specifi c situation and made it possible to objectively reconstruct the process of introducing the еastern rite. Conclusions. The second half of the 1930s is the fi nal period of the development of the Ukrainian national-church movement. In fact, these years were the most difficult for Orthodox Ukrainians in Poland. During this period, there was a change in the course of national politics towards national- state assimilation. The new authority has declared a course for accelerated рolonization of the Orthodox Church in Poland. This politics was implemented by various methods: the confi scation of part of the church’s property, repression of priests, the introduction of the Polish language as the official language of church life and finally – the forced conversion of Orthodox adepts to Catholicism. Various assimilation attempts have become an activating factor in the development of the national and religious consciousness of Orthodox Ukrainians. The government’s politics has caused opposition from the Ukrainian people. At the same time, Ukrainianization processes in the Church began to slow down. The politics of the authorities led to the aggravation of the inter- religious situation in the region and became one of the serious factors in the aggravation of Polish- Ukrainian relations in Volyn region on the eve of the Second World War

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The struggle of the Volynians against polonization of the Orthodox

APSNIM, 2023, №:2 (36) Історія України History of Ukraine ISSN: 2411-6181(on-line); ISSN: 2311-9896 (print) Current issues of social studies and history of medіcine. Joint Ukrainian – Romanian scientific journal, 2023, № :2 (36), P. 23-27 UDK 94(477):273] “1939/1944” DOI 10.24061/2411-6181.2.2023.397 БОРОТЬБА ВОЛИНЯН ПРОТИ ПОЛОНІЗАЦІЇ ПРАВОСЛАВ’Я Інна НЕРОДА, Волинський національний університет імені Лесі Українки, Луцьк, (Україна) THE STRUGGLE OF THE VOLYNIANS AGAINST POLONIZATION OF ORTHODOX Inna NERODA, Volyn National University of Lesya Ukrainka, Lutsk, Ukraine, ORCID ID: https://оrcid. org/0000-0001-8990-0088, RESEARCHER ID: AIB-7712-2022 Neroda Inna. The struggle of the Volynians against polonization of the Orthodox. The politics of the Polish authority regarding the Orthodox Church in Poland in the second half of the 1930s is analyzed in the article. The purpose of the article is to research the peculiarities of the politics of polonization in the eastern voivodeships of Poland. The main aim of it was religious assimilation and liquidation of all achievements of the national-church movement. The author has analyzed archival documents, materials of the periodical press and publications, in which problems related to the policy of polonization in the eastern provinces of Poland are highlighted. Methodology of the research. The methodological basis of the article was made up of the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity and interdisciplinary approach. General scientific, special-historical and interdisciplinary methods are applied. Each of them was effective in a specific situation and made it possible to objectively reconstruct the process of introducing the еastern rite. Conclusions. The second half of the 1930s is the final period of the development of the Ukrainian national-church movement. In fact, these years were the most difficult for Orthodox Ukrainians in Poland. During this period, there was a change in the course of national politics towards national-state assimilation. The new authority has declared a course for accelerated рolonization of the Orthodox Church in Poland. This politics was implemented by various methods: the confiscation of part of the church’s property, repression of priests, the introduction of the Polish language as the official language of church life and finally – the forced conversion of Orthodox adepts to Catholicism. Various assimilation attempts have become an activating factor in the development of the national and religious consciousness of Orthodox Ukrainians. The government’s politics has caused opposition from the Ukrainian people. At the same time, Ukrainianization processes in the Church began to slow down. The politics of the authorities led to the aggravation of the inter-religious situation in the region and became one of the serious factors in the aggravation of Polish-Ukrainian relations in Volyn region on the eve of the Second World War. Keywords: Volyn voivodeship, conflict, national-church movement, polonization, Poland, Orthodox Church, revindication. Постановка наукової проблеми та її значення. Після смерті маршала Ю. Пілсудського (1935 р.) в політиці польського уряду щодо Автокефальної Православної Церкви в Польщі (АПЦП) відбулися значні зміни, зокрема у відношенні до українського церковного руху. Почала широко розгортатися акція на користь полонізації православ’я. Державна влада намагалася надати православ’ю польського характеру через впровадження польської мови та організацію руху православних поляків. Почався тиск на духовенство в напрямку використання польської мови як літургійної, а також мови проповідей. Аналіз останніх досліджень. Протягом останніх років питання церковного життя на Волині в міжвоєнний період неодноразово ставали предметом дослідження науковців. Зокрема, в доробку В. Борщевича 1, М. Кучерепи 2 наявна низка наукових статей з досліджуваної теми […]. Найпомітнішим 1 Borshchevych V. Ukrainske tserkovne vidrodzhennia na Volyni (20-40-kh rr. XX st.) [Ukrainian central revival in Volyn (20-40 s. 20th century)], Lutsk, 2000, 203 p [in Ukrainian]. 2 Kucherepa M. «Zakhody posliv i senatoriv Volynskoho ukrainskoho obiednannia u spravi aktsii ruinuvannia pravoslavnykh tserkov na Kholmshchyni ta Pivdennomu Pidliashshi v 1938 rotsi» [Actions of the ambassadors and senators of the Volyn Ukrainian Union in the case of the destruction of Orthodox churches in the Kholm region and Southern Podlyaschi in 1938], Istoriia ta suchasnist Pravoslavia na Volyni: materialy IV nauk.-praktych. konferentsii (Lutsk, 12-14 lystopada 2013 r.) [History and modernity of Orthodoxy in Volyn: proceedings of the 4rd scientific and practical conference (Lutsk, 12-14 november 2013)], Lutsk, 2013, P. 120-128 [in Ukrainian]; Id. «Tserkovno-relihiine zhyttia ukrainskoho pravoslavnoho naselennia u Polshchi (1921-1939 rr.)» [Church and religious life of the Ukrainian Orthodox population in Poland (1921-1939)], Istoriia ta suchasnist Pravoslavia na Volyni: materialy III nauk.-praktych. konferentsii (Lutsk, 15-16 lystopada 2012 r.) [History and modernity of Orthodoxy in Volyn: proceedings of the 3rd scientific and practical conference (Lutsk, 15-16 november 2012)], Lutsk, 2012, P. 114-125 [in Ukrainian]; Id. «Ukrainskyi natsionalno-tserkovnyi rukh volynian u Pravoslavnii Tserkvi v 1921-1939 rr.» [Ukrainian national-church movement of the Volhynians in the Orthodox Church (1921-1939)], Pravoslavna Tserkva v suchasnomu suspilstvi: problemy ta perspektyvy. Materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii Volynskoi pravoslavnoi bohoslovskoi akademii Ukrainskoi Pravoslavnoi Tserkvy Kyivskoho Patriarkhatu [The Orthodox Church in modern society: problems and prospects. Proceedings of the International Conference the Volyn Orthodox Theological Academy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyiv Patriarchate], Lutsk: EIKΩN, 2014, P. 51-62 [in Ukrainian]; Id. «Tovarystvo prykhylnykiv pravoslavnoi osvity ta okhorony tradytsii pravoslavnoi viry imeni mytropolyta Petra Mohyly» [Association of Supporters of Orthodox Education and Protection of the Traditions of the Orthodox Faith named after Metropolitan Peter Mohyla], Istoriia ta suchasnist Pravoslavia na Volyni: materialy VII naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Lutsk, 8 lystopada 2016 r. [History Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини. Спільний українсько-румунський науковий журнал. (АПСНІМ), 2023, № 2(36), P. 23-27 23 History of Ukraine явищем української церковної історіографії в діаспорі в середині 60-х років став вихід монументального дослідження І. Власовського «Нарис історії Української Православної Церкви» […] у п’яти томах, шести книгах 3. Вивченню церковного питання у міжвоєнній Польщі також приділили увагу польські історики такі як А. Хойновський 4, Т. Пьотркевич 5 […]. Останній, використовуючи фактологічний матеріал, прослідкував еволюцію поглядів пілсудчиків на українське питання. В свою чергу, А. Хойновський відмічає тісний зв’язок національно (...truncated)


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Інна Нерода. The struggle of the Volynians against polonization of the Orthodox, Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, 2024, pp. 23-27,