Retraction Note: Investigation on Heterogeneous Nucleation of MgAl2O4 in Al-Mg alloys

Met. Mater. Int., Vol. 22, No. 2 (2016), pp. 348 doi: 10.1007/s12540-016-0004-9 RETRACTION NOTE Retraction note: Investigation on Heterogeneous Nucleation of MgAl2O4 in Al-Mg alloys R. Haghayeghi and P. Kapranos Retraction note: Met. Mater. Int., Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 554-560 (2015) DOI: 10.1007/s12540-015-4260-x This article has been retracted at the request of the editorial board of Metals and Materials International. The article was examined following the COPE guidelines with regard to suspected plagiarism in a published manuscript. The article contains a substantial amount of material taken from previously published articles with no acknowledgement of the source. The plagiarized articles are: (A) Criteria of grain refinement induced by ultrasonic melt treatment of aluminum alloys containing Zr and Ti T.V. Atamanenko, D.G. Eskin, L. Zhang, and L. Katgerman Metall. Mater. Trans. A 41A (2010) 2056–2066 (B) Mechanisms of enhanced heterogeneous nucleation during solidification in binary Al–Mg alloys H.-T. Li, Y. Wang, Z. Fan Acta Mater. 60 (2012) 1528–1537 (C) Oxidation of Aluminium Alloy Melts and Inoculation by Oxide Particles Yun Wang, Hu-Tian Li, Zhongyun Fan Trans. Ind. Inst. Met. 65 (2012) 653–661 Fig. 3 (a), (b) are taken from (A) (Fig. 1). Note that in the original source this figure relates to an Al-4% Cu alloy while in the paper in question it is presented as an Al-1% Mg alloy. Fig. 4 is taken from (B) (Fig. 6, with an almost identical caption, except for the processing time). Fig. 7 is also taken with slight modification from (B) (Fig. 7). Fig. 5 (a) is taken from (C), (Fig. 10). Fig. 5 (d) is Fig. 11 taken from (C) but rotated 180°. Fig. 9 (a) is (C) Fig. 1 (b). The online version of the original article can be found under doi: 10.1007/s12540-015-4260-x R. Haghayeghi* and P. Kapranos Department of Materials Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran e-mail: KIM and Springer  (...truncated)