Nutrition & Diabetes

List of Papers (Total 672)

Folic acid supplementation on inflammation and homocysteine in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundThe beneficial effects of folate have been observed under different conditions, but the available evidence on inflammation and reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is limited. The study aimed to explore the effects of folate on inflammation and homocysteine amongst individuals with T2DM.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library...

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide improves oocyte maturation of mice with type 1 diabetes

BackgroundThe number of patients with type 1 diabetes rises rapidly around the world in recent years. Maternal diabetes has a detrimental effect on reproductive outcomes due to decreased oocyte quality. However, the strategies to improve the oocyte quality and artificial reproductive technology (ART) efficiency of infertile females suffering from diabetes have not been fully...

Butyrate and iso-butyrate: a new perspective on nutrition prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus

BackgroundDietary imbalance, such as a lower proportion of complex carbohydrates and a higher protein diet, may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risks through their metabolisms. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the association between butyrate, iso-butyrate, and GDM, which are metabolisms of the two primary nutrients above. This study aimed to...

The effects of gut microbiome manipulation on glycemic indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a comprehensive umbrella review

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Increased fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) are observed in patients with NAFLD. Gut microbial modulation using prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics has shown promise in NAFLD treatment. This meta-umbrella study...

Risk factors for malnutrition in patients with diabetic foot ulcer and its association with prolonged length of hospitalization

PurposeThe study was designed to investigate the occurrence and risk factors of malnutrition in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) patients and examine the association between malnutrition and length of stay (LOS).MethodsThis observational study included DFU hospitalized patients in two campuses of a hospital from January 2021 to June 2023. The diagnosis standard of malnutrition was...

Mediterranean diet as a strategy for preserving kidney function in patients with coronary heart disease with type 2 diabetes and obesity: a secondary analysis of CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The precise contribution and differential response to treatment strategies to reduce kidney dysfunction, depending on whether obesity is present alongside T2DM or not, remain to be fully clarified. Our objective was to improve our understanding of how obesity...

Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected risk factors that significantly increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Taurine has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for MetS. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of taurine supplementation on MetS-related parameters...

Common food additive carrageenan inhibits proglucagon expression and GLP-1 secretion by human enteroendocrine L-cells

Proglucagon mRNA expression and GLP-1 secretion by cultured human L-cells (NCI-H716) were inhibited following exposure to λ-carrageenan, a commonly used additive in processed foods. Carrageenan is composed of sulfated or unsulfated galactose residues linked in alternating alpha-1,3 and beta-1,4 bonds and resembles the endogenous sulfated glycosaminoglycans. However, carrageenan...

The role of peripheral white blood cell counts in the association between central adiposity and glycemic status

AimsAlthough central adiposity is a well-known risk factor for diabetes, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the potential mediation role of circulating WBC counts in the association between central adiposity and the risk of diabetes.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Fuqing cohort study, which...

Association of gastrointestinal microbiome and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus-an updated globally based review of the high-quality literatures

ObjectivesThe purpose of this review is to investigate the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiome, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in an objective manner.MethodsWe conducted a thorough and comprehensive search of the English language literatures published in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from the establishment of the library until 12...

Higher habitual intakes of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods are associated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes in the UK Biobank cohort

AimTo examine the associations of a diet high in flavonoid-rich foods, as reflected by a “Flavodiet Score” (FDS), the major individual food contributors to flavonoid intake, and flavonoid subclasses with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the UK Biobank cohort.Materials and methodsFlavonoid intakes were estimated from ≥2 dietary assessments among 113,097 study participants [age at...

The influence of acute lifestyle changes on NAFLD evolution in a multicentre cohort: a matter of body composition

BackgroundUnhealthy lifestyles represent a key element fueling Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) onset and worsening. We aimed to evaluate the effects of forced acute lifestyle changes on NAFLD evolution.Methods187 NAFLD patients were followed two years pre- and two years during the lockdown social restrictions in three Italian medical centers. For each patient...

Effect of a diabetes-specific formula in non-diabetic inpatients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial

Background/objectivesIn patients with acute stroke, the presence of hyperglycaemia has been associated with higher morbidity and less neurological recovery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a diabetes specific enteral nutrition (EN) formula on glycaemia, comorbidities and mortality in patients admitted with a first episode of stroke who received complete EN...

Effects of vitamin D in pregnancy on maternal and offspring health-related outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analyses

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency has been linked with several adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.ObjectiveTo summarize systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the effects of vitamin D deficiency and of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on maternal and offspring health-related outcomes.MethodsPrior to conducting this umbrella review, we registered the protocol in...

Relationships between minerals’ intake and blood homocysteine levels based on three machine learning methods: a large cross-sectional study

BackgroundBlood homocysteine (Hcy) level has become a sensitive indicator in predicting the development of cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown an association between individual mineral intake and blood Hcy levels. The effect of mixed minerals’ intake on blood Hcy levels is unknown.MethodsData were obtained from the baseline survey data of the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort...

Effectiveness of date seed on glycemia and advanced glycation end-products in type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic medical condition affecting more than 95% of people with diabetes. Traditionally, some medicinal plants have been considered as an effective approach in management of T2DM. This trial evaluated the effects of date seed powder (DSP) on glycemia indices and oxidative stress in T2DM patients.MethodsIn this trail, 43 patients...

Correlation between newborn weight and serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes

BackgroundBranched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids for mammals. Maternal BCAAs during pregnancy have been associated with newborn development. Meanwhile, BCAAs have been tightly linked with insulin resistance and diabetes in recent years. Diabetes in pregnancy is a common metabolic disorder. The current study aims to...

BCAAs acutely drive glucose dysregulation and insulin resistance: role of AgRP neurons

BackgroundHigh-protein diets are often enriched with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) known to enhance protein synthesis and provide numerous physiological benefits, but recent studies reveal their association with obesity and diabetes. In support of this, protein or BCAA supplementation is shown to disrupt glucose metabolism while restriction improves it. However, it is not...

The association of triglyceride–glucose index with major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events after acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is indicated to be linked with adverse outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), for its pro-inflammatory and pro-thromboplastic function. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a newly developed substitute marker for IR. The aim of this pooled analysis was to provide a summary of the relationship of TyG index with occurrences of major...

Vitamin D is involved in the effects of the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys in mice with DKD

BackgroundVitamin D was shown to directly exert a protective effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in our previous study. However, whether it has an effect on perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) or the intestinal flora and its metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO) is unclear.MethodsDKD mice were received different concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 2 weeks. Serum TNF-α levels...

Alantolactone attenuates high-fat diet-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

BackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence, which can further develop into liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma at the end stage. Alantolactone (Ala), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Asteraceae, has shown anti-inflammatory effects in different models. However, the therapeutic effect of Ala on NAFLD is not...

The prognostic role of diet quality in patients with MAFLD and physical activity: data from NHANES

Background and objectivesDietary control and increased physical activity (PA) are recommended for patients with metabolic (dysfunction-) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, not all patients can sustain both exercise and a healthy diet. This study explored the interaction between dietary quality, PA levels, and mortality in MAFLD patients.MethodsThe Third National...

Night eating in timing, frequency, and food quality and risks of all-cause, cancer, and diabetes mortality: findings from national health and nutrition examination survey

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of timing, frequency, and food quality of night eating with all-cause, cancer, and diabetes mortality.MethodsThis study included 41,744 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2002–2018). Night eating information was collected by 24-h dietary recall and the exposures were timing, frequency, and food...

Effects of high-protein diets on the cardiometabolic factors and reproductive hormones of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The optimal dietary regimen for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has not been identified. High-protein diets (HPDs) are effective for weight control in individuals with metabolic abnormalities, but no systematic meta-analyses have yet summarised the effects of HPDs on PCOS. Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to 30 April 2023, and studies comparing the effects...