ObjectivesTo investigate associations of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle (PhA), an indicator of body cell mass, hydration status, and cell membrane integrity, with type 2 diabetes (T2D), prediabetes, and glycemic and insulin-related traits.MethodsUsing data from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S3/S4 studies, we...
BackgroundSeveral studies have investigated the association between the gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in various populations. Nonetheless, noises specific to individual cohorts might distort the microbial dysbiosis characteristics and result in inconsistent findings across studies. Thus, we aimed to identify the universal features of perturbed gut microbiota...
BackgroundEvidence on whether the association between vitamin D levels and diabetes risk differs across glycemic statuses is limited. We investigated the association between circulating vitamin D levels and type 2 diabetes risk according to glycemic status.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 3604 participants without diabetes (mean age: 56 years) whose serum 25...
Background and AimsWe aimed to explore whether saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor, could ameliorate glucose fluctuations and maintain β-cell function in T1DM.Methods and ResultsA multicentre, open-label, randomised trial was performed, including 184 T1DM patients from six medical centres. These patients received insulin with or without saxagliptin at 5 mg per day...
Steatotic liver disease (SLD)—a term encompassing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major global health concerns. Metabolic factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, are integral to...
Background/ObjectivesVitamin D (VD) status has been linked to the development of diabetes. However, this relationship in the context of comorbid conditions remains understudied. Additionally, ethnic disparities in nutritional status and chronic disease prevalence within rural populations are a vastly underrepresented area of research. In our previous study, we explored VD levels...
BackgroundElderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) experience a significantly raised risk of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the effect of the multi-species synbiotic supplementation in elderly patients with T2DM and high cardiovascular risk.MethodsNinety-six patients with T2DM, aged ≥65 years with high cardiovascular risk, were enrolled between January 2022 and...
BackgroundHuman adenovirus Ad36-derived protein, termed INSPARIN, up-regulates cellular glucose uptake through insulin-independent cell signaling. Transgenic or viral vector mediated delivery of INSPARIN exhibits significant anti-diabetic potential in mice. To translate these findings for clinical use, this preclinical study determined the short- and long-term effectiveness of...
Background and objectiveHigh fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) is a major risk factor for diseases, posing a serious public health challenge. This study examines the global burden of 13 non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributed to HFPG.MethodsWe used the 2021 GBD Study to analyze deaths and DALYs linked to HFPG( > 4.90–5.30 mmol/L). Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was used to assess...
BackgroundThe skin serves as a fundamental protective barrier against environmental insults, with the epidermis, particularly the stratum corneum and tight junctions (TJs) connecting keratinocytes, playing a crucial role. Chronic hyperglycemia can impair these TJs, leading to compromised epidermal barrier function and diabetic skin complications. This study aimed to investigate...
GLP-1 and its synthetic analogs have emerged as significant therapeutic agents for the management of metabolic disorders, merging glycemic control with weight loss through innovative structural and delivery breakthroughs. This review provides a meticulous exploration of GLP-1, elucidating its origin, secretion, and the challenges associated with its clinical application due to...
ObjectiveTo determine if a bedtime snack in young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevents nocturnal hypoglycemia, and the impact on glycemia overnight.MethodsIn this randomized controlled crossover trial, 10 grams of carbohydrate (milk, yoghurt, and kefir) was given 150–180 minutes after dinner over three nights to 5–8-year-old children with T1D using multiple daily...
Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and economic burden, highlighting the need for alternative preventive strategies. Honey bee products, including honey, royal jelly, and propolis, are considered potential interventions for managing cardiometabolic risk factors. This umbrella review aimed to compare the effectiveness of...
BackgroundBody mass index (BMI) is strongly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. However, the association between long-term time in target range (TTR) for BMI and the incidence of new-onset diabetes remains unclear.Methods and resultsThis study utilized a non-diabetic population aged 45 years or older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS...
BackgroundPrediabetes is becoming increasingly widespread and often progresses to diabetes, thereby raising the risk of severe complications. High-protein diets, known to improve glucose control and prevent diabetes, can utilize rich-protein oral nutritional supplements. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a diabetes-specific nutritional formula-pro (DSNF-Pro) with...
Background/objectivesDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent microvascular diabetic complication that is not totally unveiled. In this study, we considered GAS6, AXL, GAS6-AS1, and GAS6-DT as possible early diagnostic biomarkers of DN.Subjects/methodsThe study included 70 patients with normoalbuminuria type 2 diabetes (DM), 70 patients with microalbuminuria type 2 diabetes (DN...
BackgroundPrediabetes is a public health concern, and its prevalence is growing around the world. Providing an effective strategy to prevent prediabetes progression and, consequently, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could be useful for global health. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic factors, serum omentin-1 levels, and...
BackgroundFew studies evaluated the effect of different proportions of dietary plant- and animal-based protein on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related biomarkers.ObjectiveConsidering the effect of various types of dietary sources of protein on metabolic health and inconsistent results, this study sought to examine the impact of partially substituting animal protein with...
BackgroundSGLT2 inhibitors (SGLTi) confer significant cardiometabolic benefits in diabetes, but are associated with increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We hypothesized that supporting anaplerosis with glycerol could mitigate SGLTi-induced ketosis, enhance insulin-mediated resolution of severe diabetic ketosis, and lower the risk of DKA when used as a dietary supplement...
BackgroundTemporal distribution and amplitude of physical activity/inactivity in 24 h known as circadian rest-activity rhythm may predict the risk of various metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the mechanisms behind the diurnal behavior patterns remain largely unexplored.MethodsThis study included 74,165 UK Biobank participants who were free of T2D at...
BackgroundPrediabetes (PD) precedes type 2 diabetes (T2D), it can be easily recognized by fasting plasma glucose concentrations (FPG) or HbA1c or 2 h post glucose load glycemia, thereby enabling prevention strategies. We investigated the progression of PD to T2D in the ABCD study (Alimentazione, Benessere Cardiovascolare e Diabete -ISRCTN15840340) that included a representative...