Background: This review examines how different patterns of alcohol consumption—moderate, acute, and chronic—affect the development and management of diabetes mellitus, based on experimental and clinical studies. Methods and Results: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and gray literature sources. Alcohol impacts...
The investigation of periodontitis pathogenesis is critically important due to its global prevalence. It has been established that periodontitis is associated with chronic periodontal inflammation, alveolar bone loss, the development of oxidative stress, and oral microbiota dysbiosis. Oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g., malondialdehyde, 8-OHdG) and genetic factors (CXCR4, SELL...
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of head and neck malignancy, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. This brief review focuses on the regional lymphatic status in patients with OSCC. The lymphatic system plays a key role in the dissemination of malignant cells from the primary tumor. Tumor cell migration into the lymphatic system is a complex process...
Electrosurgery has significantly transformed modern surgical practices, offering a versatile and effective approach for cutting, coagulating, and desiccating biological tissue with remarkable precision. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles that underpin electrosurgery, including the electrical mechanisms, tissue interactions, and the...
Background: Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, is often complicated by postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), a chronic pain condition that significantly impairs quality of life. Vaccination against HZ has become a key preventive strategy to lower the risk of PHN. This review evaluates the effectiveness of HZ vaccines in reducing the incidence of PHN. Methods and Results: In...
Background: Pulmonary vein isolation, particularly via radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is a well-established and effective treatment strategy recommended in international clinical guidelines for patients with symptomatic, drug-resistant atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of early and late recurrence of AF following RFA. Methods...
Background: Prediabetes (PD), an intermediate stage between normoglycemia and diabetes mellitus (DM), is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, but not enough to be to be diagnosed as DM. Some studies show that men with hypogonadism are at an increased risk for insulin resistance (IR) and PD. This study aimed to evaluate the variation of testosterone levels in adult...
Background: Dyslipidemia is a key modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease that often remains undiagnosed in young adults due to its asymptomatic nature. Early detection and management are crucial to preventing long-term complications. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of dyslipidemia among young adults and examine its association...
Background: One of the most common issues that adult females face is abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The preferred sampling method for identifying endometrial pathology is still uterine curettage or biopsy. Hormonal imbalance patterns, atrophic endometrium, endometritis, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial cancer are examples of common diseases. The...
Background: Meckel's diverticulum is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract, which is often detected in children. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the clinical manifestations of Meckel’s diverticulum complications across different pediatric age groups, based on surgical interventions performed at the Emergency Medical Care...
A primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the cerebellum, called medulloblastoma, is an aggressive, fast-growing brain tumor. This study aims to compare the dosimetric distribution of two radiotherapy techniques—three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)—in patients with medulloblastoma by evaluating planning target...
Background: Ultrasound elastography, a non-invasive imaging modality, holds promise for assessing tissue stiffness, offering potential applications in the evaluation of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to quantify local stiffness of the abdominal aortic wall using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in adults without underlying medical conditions, and to...
Introduction: Kidney tumors, predominantly renal cell carcinoma (RCC), continue to pose a clinical challenge due to their asymptomatic nature in early stages and variable biological behavior. Methods and Results: Our retrospective study included 200 patients who underwent surgical treatment for RCC between 2015 and 2024. Patients were followed at 3, 12, and 24 months using the...
Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful health interventions in the last century. However, there have been several reports of dissatisfaction with the hip implant. Most modern implants are manufactured based on Western morphology. This generalized design may not be suitable for all races, particularly Asians, who tend to have a more petite physique...
Background: To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tuberculosis remain incompletely understood. The study aimed to identify the host hub involved in tuberculosis. Methods and Results: Four gene expression profiles (GSE51029, GSE52819, GSE54992, and GSE65517) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). First, the selected...
Introduction: Cucurbitacin IIa (CuIIa), one of the most important active components of Cucurbitaceae plants, has a wide range of pharmacological effects. However, the mechanisms underlying its effects on Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms of CuIIa activity against LNB. Methods and Results: Potential CuIIa targets...
Background: The use of narcotic substances among minors represents an increasing public health concern in Albania and globally, carrying significant physical and mental health consequences. The goal of this study was to provide clinical and epidemiological evidence of psychoactive substance use among minors to inform national policy, optimize preventive strategies, and enhance...
Background: Burn injuries reduce skin protection and immune responses, making them a global health issue. Among the most prevalent opportunistic bacteria in burn wounds is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is drug-resistant and produces biofilms. This study investigated biofilm-associated virulence genes, antibiotic susceptibility, and the link between gene expression, biofilm...
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae are globally recognized as priority pathogens due to their association with multidrug resistance and limited therapeutic options. Carbapenemase genes, such as blaOXA-48, blaNDM, and blaIMP, play a central role in the dissemination of resistance. Methods and Results: This study investigated the...
Background: Experimental methods for evaluating composite filling materials and their use are essential for achieving reliable, predictable clinical results in tooth restoration. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of bottom increment thickness, preheating, and light exposure duration on microhardness and depth of cure of bulk-fill resin composite after polymerization in a...
Background: Direct current (DC) is increasingly used in medical applications, yet its effects on blood plasma hemostasis remain underexplored. This study systematically examines the effects of DC exposure on key coagulation parameters and plasma pH, highlighting their potential physiological relevance and implications for electrotherapeutic strategies. Methods and Results: The...
Myeloma is a type of malignant tumor that originates from plasma cells. The curcumin analog EF-24 has demonstrated promising antitumor activity. However, its role in myeloma cell proliferation was unclear. In this study, we found that EF-24 could inhibit the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells (MM.1S) by morphological observation and CCK-8 assay. RNA-sequencing analysis...
Background: The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytoplasmic protein complex activated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), resulting in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. In this pathway, the activation of NF-κB plays a key role. Many studies have demonstrated the...
Purpose: To present successful management of moderate corneal edema following cataract surgery by using the application of eye platelet-rich plasma (E-PRP) in the anterior chamber in a case of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Methods and Results: A 44-year-old male presented to our clinic with a year of diminution of vision in the right eye, associated with intermittent...
Congenital absence of one or both maxillary lateral incisors is a common dental anomaly that significantly impacts a patient's facial aesthetics, oral function, and occlusal development. Given the anterior location of these teeth, their absence necessitates careful, individualized treatment planning. The choice between orthodontic space closure and prosthetic replacement depends...