Baсkground. The modernisation and structural improvement of zoom optical systems by utilising fixed vario lenses that are either electrically or mechanically controlled. Objective. An evaluation of the accomplishments in the advancement and enhancement of adaptive vario lenses featuring externally regulated optical power, intended for integration into zoom optical systems as...
Background. Command Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS) with Event Sourcing (ES) is a widely adopted solution for designing scalable and high-performance information systems. However, classical CQRS with ES implementations are often associated with increased complexity in development and maintenance. Objective. The goal of this study is to simplify the development and...
Background. Financial distress and bankruptcy forecasting have become increasingly important in the context of post-war economic recovery and restructuring of Ukrainian industries. Firms in the building-and-construction materials sector operate under high uncertainty, where early detection of insolvency risk is crucial for maintaining financial stability. Logistic regression...
Background. The quality and durability of asphalt concrete pavement directly depends on compliance with technological parameters during its laying process. Any violation of such parameters inevitably leads to the appearance of hidden defects. Traditional automated technological process control systems are often based on rigid algorithms that are unable to fully take into account...
Background. Existing methods for analysing multicomponent complex systems account only weakly for the relative incompatibility of system parameters, in particular the interplay between physical, chemical, and other mechanisms and the configurational, thermodynamic, and additional properties of the system. The challenge of achieving a stable, practically formalised investigation...
Background. The detection of corner points in images is of great importance for object identification and has numerous applications in computer vision and pattern recognition. Typically, this task is performed using geometric analysis of black-and-white contours, to which Gaussian smoothing is subsequently applied in order to identify points of maximum curvature. Functional...
Background. Continuous behavioral authentication (keystroke dynamics, touch/swipe, motion sensors) verifies identity without extra actions. However, models degrade under device, session and activity shifts, are sensitive to noise and often require significant labeling. As passwordless logins spread, demand rises for post-login risk control and for models that are robust, compute...
Background. The process of preclinical evaluation of antiviral medications often consists of multiple stages, each containing substantial uncertainties. Traditional methods for screening the compounds often lack structured means for optimizing the decision-making and calculating the feasibility and risks of transitions between all of the stages. Thus, there appears to be a...
Background. Recommendation systems have become indispensable components of modern digital platforms, enabling personalized content delivery across diverse domains. Traditional collaborative filtering and content-based approaches often fail to capture temporal dynamics and contextual dependencies inherent in user behavior patterns. Sequential recommendation systems (SRSs) and...
Background: Medical image classification using deep learning is a critical task, yet its effectiveness is constrained by the scarcity of labeled data, which is expensive to acquire. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods address this by leveraging unlabeled data. Common autoencoder (AE)-based approaches use reconstruction as a training signal. However, standard reconstruction...
Background. Melanoma is a malignant skin lesion that is prone to metastasize aggressively, leading to an almost guaranteed lethal outcome if left unchecked. In contrast, early-stage detection allows for the tumor to be removed via a harmless surgical procedure that may not even leave a scar. However, the availability of competent diagnostics are often limited due to a shortage of...
Background. A finite zero-sum game is considered, which models competitive interaction between two subjects. The subject, referred to as the duelist, must take an action (or, metaphorically, shoot the single bullet) during a standardized time span, where the bullet can be shot at only specified time moments. The duelist benefits from shooting as late as possible, but only when...
Problem. Social tension is the subject of numerous contemporary sociological studies due to its significant impact on the effectiveness of decision-making both at the governmental level and in business contexts. Social tension can be assessed by analyzing public reactions to news events in social networks. However, obtaining generalized estimates of the impact of news events on...
Background. Ferromagnetic CoPt-based nanofilms continue to attract attention due to their potential applications in spintronics and nanoelectronics. They combine unique magnetic properties, high corrosion resistance, and compatibility with modern technologies for magnetic information storage devices and electromagnetic radiation detection. Co–Pt films are studied and applied as...
Background. Unified tools, approaches, and above all, a conceptual framework are needed to develop and scale digital twins. Given the young age of the standards, awareness of them is quite low, and their content is not always clear. Objective.The purpose of the work is to obtain answers to questions about which standards directly relate to digital twins in the field of production...
Background. Automated detection of changes in three-dimensional (3D) environments constitutes a fundamental challenge in the development and maintenance of urban infrastructure digital twins, environmental monitoring systems, and facility security applications. Current methodologies exhibit limitations in uncertainty quantification, computational scalability for large-scale...
Background. The use of additive technologies, in particular selective laser melting (SLM), opens up new opportunities for the manufacture of parts with complex geometric shapes. However, the specifics of the 3D printing process cause a number of technological problems. Research into the mechanisms of microstructural evolution during SLM is necessary to optimize technological...
Background. In modern multi-criteria decision-making, a critical challenge is the determination of weight coefficients in the utility function. Classical MAUT (Multi-Attribute Utility Theory) methods often rely on subjective expert evaluations, leading to potential errors due to expert fatigue and the limited number of comparisons. Additionally, discrepancies in the total weight...
Background. Temperature measurement devices play a crucial role in the automation of various systems and in monitoring diverse physico-chemical parameters. thermoresistors, thermistors, or thermocouples are commonly used as temperature sensors. However, the nonlinear temperature-resistance characteristic of thermistors presents challenges for accurate temperature-to-electric...
Background. Exploratory data analysis has been extensively growing since early 2000s. As of 2025, most real-practice datasets are classified as Big Data. The Big Data analytics workflow includes the data preprocessing step, which is the starting point of Big Data computational handling. At this step, the data are tried to get simplified as much as possible. The main paradigm is...
Background. The article considers the possibility of expanding the areas of application of plasma coatings based on the nickel-graphite system by adding lead-free copper alloys to the composition, which have an affinity for the nickel shell of the nickel-graphite powder and, in addition to preserving the tribotechnical properties of nickel-graphite, can provide the necessary...
Background. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is one of the most promising areas of deep learning, especially for tasks where label acquisition is a complex and expensive process, such as skin cancer classification. Existing approaches, such as Adversarial Autoencoders (AAE) and Ladder Networks (LN), effectively use unlabeled data, but have limitations in reconstruction and...
Background. The integration of industrial control systems with modern network technologies has led to a significant increase in cyber attacks targeting critical infrastructure. Detection and mitigation methods for such attacks remain underdeveloped, necessitating the advancement of mathematical frameworks capable of identifying attack parameters in such systems. Objective. The...
Background. It is possible to increase the speed, the degree of integration of microcircuits and their reliable operation due to the use of thermostable nanoscale films of transition metal silicides as functional elements. Stress in nanostructures is a general problem of microelectronics, which must be taken into account at all stages of production, storage and operation of both...
Background. The choice of the optimal working fluid for condensing heat exchangers operating based on the organic Rankine cycle on gas-fired power and water boilers with waste gas heat recovery arises due to the growing need for energy-efficient technologies and the need to ensure maximum efficiency of generation systems at minimal costs. This requires studying the properties of...