Overcoming the trade-off between activity and selectivity has long been a challenge in catalytic reactions. Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) exhibit exceptional catalytic performance in cascade catalysis, owing to the synergistic effects of distinct active sites, which make them particularly promising for enhancing catalytic selectivity. Here, we present dual-atom Ir-Wx/CeO2 catalysts...
The small molecule Yoda1 has become an indispensable tool for dissecting the role of the mechanically activated ion channel PIEZO1 in physiological and pathological contexts. Previous studies proposed that Yoda1 first binds to a hydrophobic pocket at the interface of the transmembrane helical units 8 and 9 close to the inner leaflet of the membrane to induce conformational...
To navigate their environments effectively, animals frequently track time elapsed or distance traveled while seeking food and avoiding threats. The hippocampus is implicated in this process, but the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Using virtual reality tasks that require mice to integrate time or distance to collect a reward, we identified two previously unknown functional...
Porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers produced using conventional phase separation methods often suffer from limited tribological and mechanical properties. In this study, we present a general approach for the fabrication of porous elastomers with borate-driven heterogeneous networks, which leverage the borate at the two-phase boundary to stabilize the phases, without the...
To avoid prohibitive overheads in performing fault-tolerant quantum computation, the decoding problem needs to be solved accurately and at speeds sufficient for fast feedback. Existing decoding systems fail to satisfy both of these requirements, meaning they either slow down the quantum computer or reduce the number of operations that can be performed before the quantum...
Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) represent a major hazard in mountain regions, yet considerable uncertainty persists regarding whether their frequency has increased in recent decades and to what extent this trend is linked to climate change. Here, we developed a new inventory of GLOFs from moraine-dammed lakes, analyzing 609 events worldwide between 1900 and 2020. Insights...
Transcriptional regulation arises from the dynamic and combinatorial actions of multiple regulatory factors on genomic DNA. Although many epigenomic regulators have been identified, the precise order in which these factors accumulate at individual gene loci to activate transcription remains unclear. Here we show a single-cell data integration framework that infers the binding...
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling is one of the most ubiquitous and sensitive forms of cell surface reception. GPCRs stabilize the nucleotide-free state of heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins); however, this state is produced at the cost of relieving the G protein of its stable inhibitor, GDP. Upon agonist binding to receptor, the G protein...
Achieving adequate enteral nutrition among mechanically ventilated patients is challenging, yet critical. We develop NutriSighT, a transformer model using learnable positional encodings to predict which patients would be underfed (receive less than 70% daily caloric requirements) between days 3-7 of mechanical ventilation and compared its performance against XGBoost. Using...
The durability and protective effect of naturally acquired antibodies against hepatitis E virus (HEV) reinfection and clinical progression remain unclear in humans. In a 103-month longitudinal analysis of 7032 adult placebo recipients (aged 16 to 65 years) from a phase 3 HEV vaccine trial in China, we demonstrated that baseline anti-HEV IgG seropositivity (n = 3194) conferred...
Humans emitted millions of tons of the toxic element lead (Pb) into the atmosphere. The North Atlantic Ocean has been strongly affected by atmospheric Pb deposition, however the role of ocean currents in dispersing the Atlantic dissolved Pb (dPb) burden remains unclear. Here, we show that the Arctic Ocean received a dPb flux of 611 ± 74 Mg·a-1 from the North Atlantic Ocean in...
Understanding how the brain rapidly processes neural information through large-scale network dynamics is fundamental to neuroscience. Resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) captures networks by probing spontaneous neural activity fluctuations, yet whether these networks can accommodate fast, sensitive information processing remains unknown. Here, we reveal brain-wide rsfMRI network dynamics...
International migration has been consistently rising in modern times, and understanding what factors are associated with the successful inclusion of migrants is urgent. This meta-analysis helps pinpoint such factors by identifying the most robust social and contextual correlates of successful migrant adaptation to living in the receiving societies. Here, we meta-analyze 5,066...
Senescence contributes to the pathology of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA); however, the regulation of senescence in AAA remains unclear. Here, we sought to determine the role of gasdermin-E (GSDME)-dependent non-canonical pyroptosis in AAA. GSDME-dependent non-canonical pyroptosis is activated in the lesioned vascular walls of mouse models and patients with AAA. GSDME deficiency...
Amyloid transthyretin-derived (ATTR) amyloidosis is a degenerative, systemic disease characterized by transthyretin fibril deposition in organs like the heart, kidneys, liver, and skin. In this study, we report the cryo-EM structure of transthyretin fibrils isolated from skin tissue of a living patient carrying a rare genetic mutation (ATTRv F64S). The structure adopts a highly...
The non-radiative metallic core (MC) centered lowest excited states of most ligand-stabilized metallic clusters commonly quench radiative but high-lying ligand-centered excited states, e.g. intra-ligand charge transfer (LCT), which is one of the key issues limiting efficiencies of electroluminescent (EL) clusters. Herein, we realize the desired excited state reversal in a cubic...
With the advent and development of assisted reproductive technology (ART), more and more people affected by infertility have been able to obtain offspring successfully. Nevertheless, various adverse outcomes have been found to be associated with ART, and mechanisms behind them are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we examine the differences between mouse pre-implantation...
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from thermokarst lakes is usually considered to be prone to microbial degradation and releases substantial carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, potentially enhancing the positive permafrost carbon (C)-climate feedback. In contrast to this long-term standing view, here we show that dark C fixation exceeds DOC degradation in ~1/3 of the...
Most mammalian genes undergo alternative splicing. The splicing of some exons has been acquired or lost in specific mammalian lineages, but differences in splicing within the human population are poorly understood. Using GTEx tissue transcriptomes from 838 individuals, we identified 57,271 “naturally variable exons” (NVEs) – exons which are included in mRNAs in some individuals...
Indigo is an extremely popular molecule in dye industry, however, its use in photochemical transformations is surprisingly scarce. This report explores its photocatalytic activity over an unusually wide excited-state redox window, spanning over 5.98 V. The dye molecule exhibits bimodality and proves itself as a simultaneous super-reductant and -oxidant. This extreme bimodal...
Mapping the entire transcriptome at single-cell resolution under its natural spatial context is essential for investigating the oncogenesis and progression of diseases. The recently emerged targeted in-situ technologies retain the spatial organization of cells at high resolution, although they remain limited in the number of genes that can be simultaneously measured. To overcome...
Thermogenic activation of subcutaneous white adipocytes requires glycogen synthesis and turnover. Here we show that β-adrenergic stimulation induces a distinct glycogen metabolism gene program in inguinal white adipose tissue in a cell-autonomous and adipocyte-specific manner. Among these, Gys2 and Ppp1r3c are rapidly induced following acute β3-adrenergic receptor activation. We...
Humans need to make rapid and accurate judgments of others’ emotions to understand and navigate the social world around them. To do so, humans combine multiple sources of emotional information from facial expressions and contextual information. However, it is not well understood how different sources of information are integrated, let alone how observers assess which signals...
The preservation and faithful propagation of genetic information is essential for all life forms and depends on cellular pathways that enable replication, recombination, and repair of DNA. The multifunctional XPF-ERCC1 DNA endonuclease complex acts in several DNA repair pathways and interacts with numerous partner proteins and large DNA repair assemblies, including the nucleotide...
The GTPase EF-G catalyzes translocation of mRNA and tRNAs relative to the ribosome and helps maintain the reading frame during protein synthesis. Which events directly require EF-G-mediated GTP hydrolysis during translocation are still debated. Using high-resolution optical tweezers endowed with single-molecule fluorescence detection, we simultaneously monitored binding of...