Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Layanan Pemerintah dalam Menurunkan Prevalensi Penyakit Hep-B pada Anak Usia 0-12 Tahun di Indonesia
Jurnal Agregasi : Jurnal Aksi Reformasi Government Dalam Demokrasi
Volume 11– Nomor 2, November 2023, (Hlm 161-173)
DOI 10.34010/agregasi.v11i2.9640
Available online at: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/agregasi
Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Layanan Pemerintah dalam Menurunkan
Prevalensi Penyakit Hep-B pada Anak Usia 0-12 Tahun di Indonesia
Elsa Silvia Nur Aulia 1) *, Defri Rizaldy 2)
1 Fakultas Seni Rupa dan Desain, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung
2 Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung
* Korespondensi Penulis. E-mail: , Telp: +6282318849064
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mendesak untuk mengatasi keterbatasan pengetahuan tentang prevalensi
Hepatitis B (Hep-B) di kalangan anak-anak usia 0-12 tahun di Indonesia. Meskipun pemerintah
telah berupaya keras meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan dan kesadaran, masih ada kekurangan
dalam memahami efektivitas strategi komunikasi dan kepuasan masyarakat terhadap layanan
yang disediakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi strategi komunikasi pemerintah
Indonesia dan tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadapnya. Metode kuantitatif digunakan dengan
observasi, dokumentasi, dan kuesioner terhadap 220 responden dari berbagai distrik di
Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa layanan publik terkait pendidikan kesehatan dan
kampanye kesadaran Hep-B untuk anak-anak usia 0-12 tahun dinilai baik dan memuaskan. Faktor
yang paling berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan prevalensi Hep-B adalah penularan dari ibu ke
anak, terutama selama kehamilan, persalinan, atau menyusui, yang umum terjadi di daerah
dengan tingkat Hep-B tinggi dan kurangnya pemeriksaan. Sebagai upaya layanan publik,
pemerintah dapat meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan dan kampanye kesadaran Hep-B,
termasuk melalui pendidikan berbasis sekolah.
Kata kunci: publik, kepuasan, layanan, pendidikan kesehatan, pemerintah, Hep-B.
Public Satisfaction of Government Services in Reducing the Prevalence of HepB Disease for Children 0-12 Years in Indonesia
Abstract
This research is crucial to address the limited knowledge about the prevalence of Hepatitis B
(Hep-B) among children aged 0-12 in Indonesia. Despite the government's dedicated efforts to
enhance health education and awareness, there is still a gap in understanding the effectiveness of
communication strategies and public satisfaction with the provided services. The aim of this study is
to evaluate the communication strategies employed by the Indonesian government and assess public
satisfaction. Quantitative methods, including observation, documentation, and questionnaires
administered to 220 respondents across various districts in Indonesia, were utilized. The research
concludes that public services related to health education and awareness campaigns for reducing
Hep-B prevalence among children aged 0-12 are considered good and satisfactory. The most
influential factor in increasing Hep-B prevalence is maternal-child transmission, particularly during
pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, which is common in areas with high Hep-B prevalence and
insufficient screenings. As a public service effort, the government can enhance health education and
Hep-B awareness campaigns, including school-based education.
Keywords: public, satisfaction, services, health education, government, Hep-B.
Copyright © 2023, Jurnal Agregasi, ISSN: 2337-5299 (Print), ISSN: 2579-3047 (Online) | 161
Jurnal Agregasi : Jurnal Aksi Reformasi Government Dalam Demokrasi
Volume 11– Nomor 2, November 2023, (Hlm 161-173)
DOI 10.34010/agregasi.v11i2.9640
Available online at: https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/agregasi
INTRODUCTION
Hep-B is a viral infection that affects
the liver, the Hep-B virus (HBV) is spread
through contact with the blood or other
bodily fluids of an infected person. This
can occur through sexual contact, sharing
of needles or other injection equipment, or
from an infected mother to her baby
during birth. Hep-B can cause a range of
symptoms, including fatigue, abdominal
pain, joint pain, and jaundice (yellowing of
the skin and eyes). In some cases, people
may have no symptoms at all. The
infection can range from a mild illness
lasting a few weeks to a serious, long-term
illness that can lead to liver damage,
cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death.
There is a vaccine available that can
prevent Hep-B, and there are also
medications that can help control the virus
and prevent liver damage in people who
have been infected.
Hepatitis is inflammation of the
tissue that can be caused by infection,
drugs, toxins, metabolic disorders, or
autoimmune abnormalities. Infections
caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites
are the most common cause of acute HepB [Arief, 2013]. Hep-B virus (HBV)
infection is a virus infection that attacks
the liver and can develop into acute or
chronic infection [WHO, 2020]. HBV is
usually transmitted from person to person
through blood (blood product recipients,
haemodialysis patients, health workers or
blood exposure). High-risk media that
spread HBV include semen, cervicalvaginal secretions, saliva, or other bodily
fluids, making it can also be transmitted
sexually [Dunkelberg, 2014].
An estimated 240 million people are
chronically infected with hepatitis B
worldwide (defined as hepatitis B surface
antigen (HBsAg) positivity for at least 6
months. Vaccine against hep-B has been
available since 1982. Although the
prevalence of hep-B virus (HBV) infection
is relatively low in developed countries.
HBV infection is still quite prevalent in
East Asia and Southeast ASIA, including
Indonesia (2.5%-10%) [Yano, 2015].
In Southeast Asia, WHO estimates
that there are approximately 39.4 million
(28.8-76.5 million) people living with
chronic HBV and 10.3 million (8.0-17.8
million) people living with chronic
hepatitis C. Every year, in Southeast Asia,
viral hepatitis contributes to about
410,000 deaths with 78% of total deaths
related to liver cancer and cirrhosis due to
HBV and HCV. Specifically for HBV,
Indonesia is one of the countries in the
Southeast Asian region with the highest
prevalence rate, so attention and
commitment from all policy makers is
needed, both at the central and regional
level.
The hep-B virus (HBV) infection
remains a significant problem in Indonesia
due to its high prevalence and
complications. In areas with high
endemicity, HBV infections usually occur
through perinatal or early childhood
infections. HBV itself is usually
asymptomatic, and chronic HBV infection
is a dynamic process involving
interactions
between
the
virus,
hepatocytes, and the human immune
system [Yano, 2015].
According to data from the 2018 CDC
surveillance, there were 3,222 new acute
hep-B cases. The number of cases is
estimated to be 1 per 100,000 population
[Yano, 20105]. Indonesia is a country with
high hep-B endemicity, being the second
largest in the (South East Asian region),
Copyright © 2023, Jurnal Agregasi, ISSN: 2337-5299 (Print), ISSN: 2579-3047 (Online) | 162
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