PERUBAHAN PERILAKU PENGEMUDI DENGAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PEMANTAUAN KENDARAAN – STUDI KASUS PT FREEPORT INDONESIA

PERUBAHAN PERILAKU PENGEMUDI DENGAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PEMANTAUAN KENDARAAN – STUDI KASUS PT FREEPORT INDONESIA DRIVERS BEHAVIOR CHANGE BY IMPLEMENTING VEHICLE MONITORING TECHNOLOGY – PT FREEPORT INDONESIA CASE STUDY Eman Widijanto1*, Hanny Runtuwene2, Periyadi3, Ferry Kumendong4 , Masagus Ahmad Azizi5 1,2,3,4 Mining Safety Division, PT. Freeport Indonesia 5Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan, Fakultas Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi, Univeritas Trisakti, Jakarta Artikel masuk : 21-08-2024, Artikel diterima : 04-09-2024 ABSTRAK Kata kunci: Pertambangan, Teknologi Pemantauan, Perubahan Perilaku, Keselamatan Kendaraan Ringan Keywords: Mining, Monitoring Technology, Behavior Change, Light Vehicle Safety PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) adalah perusahaan pertambangan yang beroperasi di daerah terpencil Pegunungan Jayawijaya Papua, dan berjarak sekitar 3.500 km sebelah timur Jakarta, Indonesia. Cakupan area operasi penambangan yang terbentang dari dataran tinggi hingga dataran rendah berkaitan erat dengan kondisi jalan dan perubahan cuaca yang ekstrim. Selain tantangan alam tersebut, perilaku pengemudi kendaraan ringan yang tidak aman juga menjadi salah satu faktor penyumbang yang signifikan terhadap risiko terjadinya kecelakaan kendaraan ringan. Penerapan program teknologi pemantauan kendaraan ringan merupakan salah satu program keselamatan kerja di PTFI dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran berkendaraan sekaligus mendorong perubahan perilaku yang aman. Tulisan ini menjelaskan latar belakang, penerapan, tantangan yang dihadapi, hasil, dan potensi perbaikan di masa mendatang dari program ini untuk memastikan keselamatan pekerja di daerah operasi PTFI. *Penulis Koresponden : Doi : https://doi.org/10.36986/impj.v6i1.140 31 Indonesian Mining Professionals Journal Volume 6, Nomor 1, April 2024: 31 - 38 ABSTRACT leverage these tools to effectively translate driver awareness into behavioral changes, ultimately improving the overall safety performance. This paper elaborates the journey of PTFI’s effort to manage driving behavior, implementation of vehicle monitoring technology, and its impact on driver’s behavior. PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) operates mining operations in the remote area of the Jayawijaya Mountains, Papua, and is approximately 3,500 km east of Jakarta, Indonesia. The coverage of the mining operation area from highland to lowland area is associated with extreme road conditions and weather changes. Apart from these natural challenges, unsafe behavior of light vehicle drivers is also a significant contributing factor to the risk of light vehicle accidents. METHOD This article is qualitative research with case study method. A case study is defined as a method for developing a complete understanding of a process, program, event, or activity. The case is the implementation of vehicle monitoring technology with PT. Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) as the object/study. Data was collected from secondary data from internal reports and literature studies. Analysis is described into the following topics: Managing PTFI’s Driver Behavior, Light Vehicle Telematic Device, Implementation of Monitoring Program, Impact, and Future improvement. The implementation of the vehicle monitoring technology is one of PTFI’s safety program that aims to improve driving awareness and encourage driver behavioral changes. This paper elaborates the background, implementation, challenges, results, and potential future improvements of the light vehicle monitoring technology to ensure safety of workers at PTFI. RESULT BACKGROUND Managing PTFI’s Driver Behavior Driving safety research consistently shown that driver behavior causes majority of vehicular crashes (Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, 2006; Hendricks, Freedman, Zador, & Fell, 2001; Treat et al., 1977). Data from Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee’s (KNKT – Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi) shows that human factor is the most dominant cause of road accidents between the year of 2018-2022 (KNKT, 2022). PTFI data shows that in the last 10 years (2014-2023), the average Light Vehicle (LV) incident count for its mining operation is about 330 incidents per year. In 2023 specifically, there were 345 reported incidents involving light vehicles, which associated with 17% of the company’s operational light vehicles. Risky driver behavior such as speeding, aggressive driving, and fatigue were concluded as the most significant causal factors contributing to PTFI light vehicle accidents. Historically, PTFI has taken numerous initiatives to promote safe Light Vehicle (LV) operation. Proactive approaches in the forms of LV safety campaigns, monitoring vehicle speed using radar guns, enforcing separate licenses for different areas, create scheduled driving refresher trainings, additional psychological test for driver for specific conditions (SAA Test, Safety Awareness Assessment), and other associated programs to reduce mobile equipment incidents including light vehicles have been implemented. In 2017, PTFI started Fatal Risk Management (FRM), one of PTFI’s many safety programs to eliminate and reduce serious injuries and fatalities (Widijanto et al., 2023). The FRM program listed LV accident (associated with vehicle collision, rollover, and its impact on person) as part of identified 24 fatal risks and determined the necessary critical control process. Another practical effort to reduce LV incident in 2019 is the utilization of Realtime Operational Vehicle Reporting System (ROVR) device that records vehicle data and provide insights on driver behavior was implemented. Despite of several initiatives of safe light vehicle operation had been introduced, a serious light vehicle accident occurred in Q2-2021 resulting in one casualty case. The underlying cause for this particular accident was found to be an unnecessary speeding behavior. Besides driver behavior, PTFI’s work site topographic profile also present challenges to the safety of its light vehicle operation. PTFI’s business areas spans from the highland mining areas at an altitude of 4.300 meters above sea level to lowland port coastal and swamp areas. This natural environment exposes the company's mobile equipment operation to rugged terrains with extreme elevation changes, highly varied weather, a variety of geological conditions and complex mining processing activities. One of a decisive milestone made by PTFI’s management is to implement a different approach for controlling mobile equipment incidents. The new plan is to use vehicle telematics device monitoring and assign PTFI management decided to implement the vehicle monitoring technology in Q2-2021 by utilizing Telematics Device Monitoring with a primary goal to 32 Indonesian Mining Professionals Journal Volume 6, Nomor 1, April 2024: 31 - 38 dedicated monitoring and analysis team to continuously monitor vehicle use and promote behavior change. The PTFI Mining Safety Division (MSD) was appoint (...truncated)