MANAJEMEN RISIKO FATAL DI PT. FREEPORT INDONESIA

MANAJEMEN RISIKO FATAL DI PT. FREEPORT INDONESIA FATAL RISK MANAGEMENT AT PT. FREEPORT INDONESIA Eman Widijanto1*, Sony Suryanto2, Fransiscus Novento3 1,2,3 Divisi Occupational Health & Safety, PT. Freeport Indonesia Artikel masuk : 01-03-2023 , Artikel diterima : 20-06-2023 ABSTRAK Kata kunci: Tambang bawah tanah, Aman dan Produktif, Nihil Fatalitas, Fatal Risk Management (FRM) Keywords: Underground Mines, Safe and Productive, Zero Fatality, Fatal Risk Management (FRM) PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) mengoperasikan tambang bawah tanah tembaga dan emas (metode ambrukan dan stoping) yang berlokasi di daerah terpencil Pegunungan Papua, Indonesia yang berjarak sekitar 3.500 km ke arah timur Jakarta, Indonesia. Lokasi kerja yang terjal dengan perbedaan elevasi yang ekstrim, kondisi cuaca dan kondisi geologi batuan yang bervariasi, serta aktivitas penambangan dan pengolahan bijih yang kompleks menghasilkan kondisi yang menantang pada pengelolaan operasi tambang yang aman dan produktif. Secara unjuk kerja keselamatan kerja, Total Recordable Incident Rates (TRIR) dan keparahan kecelakaan terus menurun, akan tetapi pencapaian nihil fatalitas (zero fatality) secara konsisten masih menjadi tantangan yang signifikan. Fatal Risk Management (FRM) merupakan salah satu program keselamatan kerja di PTFI dengan tujuan menghilangkan dan mengurangi kecelakaan cedera berat dan fatalitas. Paper ini menjelaskan sejarah dari program FRM, tantangan pada saat implementasi, program transformasi digital dan perbaikan di masa mendatang untuk memastikan keselamatan pekerja dan pencapaian rencana produksi penambangan-pengolahan bijih. *Eman Widijanto: Doi : https://doi.org/10.36986/impj.v5i1.89 35 Indonesian Mining Professionals Journal Volume 5, Nomor 1, April 2023 : 35 - 40 ABSTRACT METHOD PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) operates underground copper-gold mines (block cave and open stoping mining methods) located in the remote highlands of Papua, Indonesia, about 3,500 km east of Jakarta, Indonesia. The rugged terrain with extreme elevation changes, highly varied weather, variety of geological condition and complex miningprocessing activities create challenging situation to manage safe and productive mine operation. From safety statistics performance, the Total Reportable Incident Rate (TRIR) and severity rate have declined over time, however achieving zero fatality consistently is still significant challenge for the team. Fatal Risk Management (FRM) is one of PTFI’s safety programs to eliminate and reduce serious injuries and fatalities. This paper elaborates the history of the FRM program, implementation challenges, digitalization transformation program and future improvement to ensure safety of the workers and continued achievement of desired mine-mill production. This article is qualitative research with case study method. A case study is defined as a method for developing a complete understanding of a process, program, event, or activity. The case is Fatal Risk Management with PT. Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) as the object/study. Data was collected from secondary data from internal reports and literature studies. Analysis is described into the following topics: Fatal Risk Management, PTFI Fatal Risk Management, Impact, and Future improvement. RESULT Fatal Risk Management (FRM) The industry-wide shift toward FRM began with ICMM’s 2009 ‘Leadership Matters – Managing Fatal Risk Guidance’ document. The International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) is a CEO-led industry group that addresses key priorities and emerging issues within the industry. It seeks to play a leading role within the industry in promoting good practice and improved performance and encourages greater consistency of approach nationally and across different commodities through its association members and member companies (ICMM, 2009). BACKGROUND Number of mining sector worker in Indonesia as of February 2022 is 1,587,978 (BPS, 2022), this occupied 1% from total workers in Indonesia. However, in 2021 mining sector had 57 mining accidents with serious injury and 11 mining accidents with fatality (MEMR, 2022). The document of ‘Managing Fatal Risk Guidance’ started the philosophical shift away from the old ‘Heinrich Pyramid’ and similar concepts such as Bird’s Pyramid. The pyramid drove safety programs to focus on addressing the large number of minor incidents, believing that it would also prevent fatalities. It started a focus on precursors to high severity events, in addition to traditional pyramid-based programs. This prompted Freeport’s first fatality prevention policy, including Potential Fatality Event (PFE) communication and our first list of ‘Global Significant Risks’ and associated policies (Rose, 2022). More detail on comprehensive fatality prevention program can be seen in detail at ICMM’s 2010 with 3 key themes: live the vision of zero fatalities, focus on high potential events and recognize the fallibility of people and systems (ICMM, 2010). It is in line with PTFI condition which have been working seriously to reduce and eliminate serious injuries and fatalities within the workforce. The mineworkers face a challenging workplace circumstances for both surface mine and underground mines. Current ore production comes from 3 different underground mines (2 block cave mines and one stoping mine) with average total production is about 210 ktpd (kilo tons per day). The Grasberg Mine was on operation from 1988-2019 and still have significant mining activity focusing on re-sloping and reclamation also maintain the open pit infrastructures to support underground mine operation, include mine water management. Underground mines (Grasberg Block Cave Mine, Deep Mill Level Zone Mine and Big Gossan Stoping Mine) are the ore producers for PTFI. Complex and challenging underground mines, mill-concentrating, and infrastructures create specific and significant risks which need to be managed appropriately by the team. The ICMM’s 2019 Fatality Prevention elaborated statistics of fatalities and the lesson learned on fatality reduction in mining industry. The 8-lesson learned are: zero fatalities mind set, safety leadership at all levels, change management, learning from the past, risk management capability, critical controls, fall of ground and prevention is better than cure (ICMM, 2019). Since 2000, The PTFI Total Reportable Incident Rates (TRIR) has continued to decrease, the severity of injuries has also declined over time. However, achieving zero fatality is still a significant challenge for the team. PTFI achieved zero fatality in 2005, 2010, 2018 and 2022. Referring to Grasberg Surface Mine data for 1997-2017 (Widijanto, 2019) that fatality accidents were associated with geotechnical issues (50%), mobile equipment (23%) and gravitational energy (13%). PTFI Fatal Risk Management Several divisions at PTFI already identified and familiar with ‘top risks’ or ‘top 10 risks’ which associated with the risks which could kill or caus (...truncated)