THE FORMATION OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE SUBURB OF CHERNIVTSI – ROSHA DURING THE AUSTRIAN AND ROMANIAN PERIODS

APSNIM, 2025, №:2 (40) ІСТОРІЯ УКРАЇНИ HISTORY OF UKRAINE ISSN: 2411‑6181(on-line); ISSN: 2311‑9896 (print) Current issues of social studies and history of medіcine. Joint Ukrainian – Romanian scientific journal, 2025, № :2 (40), P. 18-36 УДК 373(09)(477.85)“19/20” DOI 10.24061/2411-6181.2.2025.459 СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ПЕРЕДМІСТІ ЧЕРНІВЦІВ – РОШІ В АВСТРІЙСЬКИЙ ТА РУМУНСЬКИЙ ПЕРІОД Антоній МОЙСЕЙ, Буковинський державний медичний університет, . THE FORMATION OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE SUBURB OF CHERNIVTSI – ROSHA DURING THE AUSTRIAN AND ROMANIAN PERIODS. Antoniy MOYSEY, Bukovinian State Medical University, ORCID ID: 0000‑0003‑2177‑5158; RESEARCHER ID AAM‑2237‑2020. Antoniy Moysey. The formation of school education in the suburb of Chernivtsi – Rosha during the Austrian and Romanian periods. Abstract. Within the framework of the RESTORY project – a grant programme of the European Commission under Horizon Europe (HORIZON-CL2‑2023-HERITAGE‑01-No. 101132781) – a comprehensive study was conducted on the formation and evolution of the school network in the suburb of Chernivtsi, Rosha. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the development of the system of public (elementary) schools in Rosha during the periods of Austrian and Romanian administration (1816‑1918; 1918‑1940), as well as under the Romanian military administration (1941‑1944), taking into account institutional transformations, material infrastructure, teaching staff, student numbers, and the role of the local community in supporting education. The research focuses in particular on the Rosha School (today Gymnasium No. 10), the school in Manastyryska, the schools in Rosha-Tsetsyna and Rosha-Stynka (today Gymnasium No. 2), and the German school located near the cavalry barracks (today Gymnasium No. 8). Unlike previous publications, which primarily examined the history of individual educational institutions, this article analyses the schools of Rosha as a single local educational system that developed across different spatial locations and under various administrative regimes. The relevance of the study lies in the need to substantially expand existing knowledge of Rosha’s educational space as a multi-component phenomenon with both scholarly and practical significance for the contemporary educational environment of the microdistrict. Scientific novelty. The study is based on an extensive body of previously unpublished archival materials from the State Archives of Chernivtsi Region, including: Fund 1 District Administration of Bukovina, Chernivtsi (files Nos. 875, 3639); Fund 3 Regional Administration of Bukovina (files Nos. 1991, 3126, 5612); Fund 39 Chernivtsi City Magistrate (files Nos. 535, 820, 5460, 5518, 5810); and Fund 43 Municipality of Chernivtsi (files Nos. 116, 1225, 2703, 2931, 5640, 6823, 8557, 8735, 12722, 12727). Of particular scholarly value are the materials collected during historical and ethnographic field research conducted in Rosha in 2024‑2025. Especially important are the holdings of the archive (museum) of Chernivtsi Gymnasium No. 10, including photographic documents from the late nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth century related to school buildings and the organisation of the educational process. Some of these materials were provided to the research team by teacher Korneliia Medvid, who since the 1990s has systematically collected historical and ethnographic materials from residents of the Rosha suburb. As a result of the research, the circumstances surrounding the establishment of individual schools have been clarified for the first time; the conditions under which private and rented premises were used for educational purposes have been reconstructed; and the names of school principals and teachers, their confessional and linguistic affiliation, as well as the size and social composition of the student body have been identified. Statistical data on student enrolment and teaching staff in Rosha’s schools have been systematised for the first time on the basis of inspection reports and materials of the Chernivtsi City Magistrate. School building plans and layouts have been introduced into scholarly circulation for the first time, including drawings prepared by architect V. Hreku in 1939, along with original tables and charts presenting data on student numbers, ethnic composition, and school leadership. The methodological framework of the study is based on a comprehensive analysis of archival sources and historiography, enabling the clarification of the identities of school founders and patrons, the conditions of school operation prior to the construction of purpose-built facilities, staff composition, student numbers and national structure, as well as the circumstances of construction, repairs, and rental of school premises. Conclusions. The study demonstrates that the development of school education in Rosha was systemic and dynamic, shaped by the interaction of demographic growth in the suburb, administrative and legal transformations, and the resource capacities of the local community. Educational infrastructure evolved through continuous negotiation between local residents and authorities, as well as through practices of adapting and renting premises, conducting repairs, and gradually expanding institutional capacity in response to growing student numbers. As a result of the research, a coherent scholarly corpus of sources and visualisations (charts, tables, plans, and photographic documents) has been created for the first time, together with an analytical reconstruction that allows the school network of Rosha to be understood as a complex, multi-level system integrated into the social, cultural, and administrative space of Chernivtsi from the nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth century. Keywords: Bukovina; suburb of Chernivtsi; Rosha; Rosha-Stynka; Rosha-Tsetsyna; school network; public schools; Austrian administration; Romanian administration; school education in Bukovina. 18 Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини. Спільний українсько-румунський науковий журнал. (АПСНІМ), 2025, № 2 (40), P. 18-36 Moysey Antoniy. The formation of school education in the suburb of Chernivtsi – Rosha during the Austrian and Romanian ... Вступ. Початки шкільної освіти на Буковині тісно пов’язані з процесами адміністративної інтеграції краю до складу Габсбурзької монархії після 1774 р. Австрійська влада розглядала створення мережі народних шкіл як один із ключових інструментів культурної та соціальної модернізації. Завдяки ініціативі губернатора генерала Габріеля барона фон Енценберга та підтримці Вищої військової ради у Відні до Чернівців було скеровано перших педагогів із Семигорода. Уже 1 березня 1784 р. розпочала діяльність перша двокласна німецько-молдавська «нормальна» школа, яка заклала підвалини формування регіональної освітньої системи. Швидке зростання кількості учнів у цій школі засвідчувало наявність сталого суспільного запиту на освіту та соціа (...truncated)