In January 24, 1207 through archbishop Henry Kietlicz, Pope Innocent III issued a bull, which main content was to remind the polish princes of the right of free election, under penalty of excommunication for the opposition. Prince Henry the Bearded in order to avoid the conflict with the church, supported the candidacy of Wroclaw’s canon Wawrzyniec. The new bishop of Wrocław came...
In my opinion there are a few themes which succeeded in receiving so many literary, artistic and even scientific analysis as Grail. A look at this reality is full of controversy and extremes. Everything depends on the point from which the reality is observed. Full of mystery tales of medieval knights became the reason of the attentive looking at the most important romantic novels...
Das Schlussdokument der 5. Generalversammlung des Episkopats von Lateinamerika und der Karibik wird als Schlüssel zum Verständnis des ganzen Pontifikats von Papst Franziskus dargestellt. Man betont, dass es die große Änlichkeit zwischen diesem Dokument und dem Apostolischen Schreiben Evangelii Gaudium und den päpstlichen Predigten gibt. Im Artikel wurde die Spezifik des Blicks...
Social upheavals in the 3rd century AD, caused by the decline of the paganism, growth of the influence of Gnosticism and strengthening of Christianity, as well as the decline of morals accompanying these social changes, led Orygenes to deep reflection on the subject of evil and towards searching for the best ways to eliminate it. To have a chance of victory, the nature of evil...
When St. Paul first set foot on the European continent, he travelled along the routes of the ancient province of Macedonia. The cities which he chose as his missionary destinations were not accidental. In fact, almost all of them were located along the Roman military route called Via Egnatia, which was laid down to allow for the smooth redeployment of troops through the harsh...
From the very beginning of the Church’s history the catechumenal pedagogy played a crucial role. Its aim is to foster the development of mature Christians able to show concrete signs of conversion, i.e. trust in God and love of ene mies. There were times when catechumenate was abandoned but in the most important periods of Church’s history it was fully bloomed. The pedagogy of...
This essay exposes two different conceptions of womanhood – in context of genderism. S. de Beauvoir, a French existentialist philosopher and one of the most significant figures of phenomenology and feminism of the twentieth century, uses the term ‘Second Sex’ to describe women, because she believes (them) women to be „subjugated” by their biology and „oppressed” by society. She...
The new evangelization constitutes new pedagogy of the gospel truth transmission taking new methods into account, forms and means of reaching contemporary cultures and the contemporary man. Deepened reflection over the pre-evangelization and the evangelization turns out to be equally important in order to understand current efforts of the Church in handing over the Gospel. How...
La Chiesa considera l’handicappato nel fisico, nella mente o con altre carenze una persona particolarmente amata da Gesù Cristo. Dopo il 1989 se ne e sviluppata una vera consapevolezza e sono stati compiuti progressi nell’educazione speciale , il che significa che la famiglia e con le altre istituzioni educative, sotto la guida della Chiesa, può dare alla persona la possibilità...
The paper presents the most essential issues of the educational policy in Poland within the years of 1945–1956. Social-political transformations that took place in Poland after the World War II fundamentally influenced on the functioning of the educational system at all levels. The communist authorities introduced a new educational system whose aim was upbringing and education of...
This article argues that in the thinking of the Orthodox Church, in spite of the simplified preconceptions, the kerygma of the resurrection is not limited to preach the theology of glory, but it covers the entire paschal mystery: the Cross of Christ, His descent into hell, His victory over death and the entrance to the glory of the Father. Such a way of seeing is a result of the...
There is no way to challenge the fact that rules and regulations of the Canon law should not be the binding source of Polish law (article 87 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (RP)). It is also obvious that the Canon Law cannot have directly effect on the Polish law. However, the effectiveness of the standards of the Canon law in the national legal system depends on...
The truth of the Immaculate Conception was the focal point of Newman’s teaching on our Lady. It was a fitting preparation for her who was to be the Mother of God Incarnate. From her divine Motherhood flow all her other privileges. The point that seemed to Newman to be conclud sive in proving the Immaculate Conception of Mary was that it flows as on immediate interence from that...
In the paper, the Jesus’ view on divorces is analyzed. Under the question was an “exception” which is derived usually from the clause “except it be for fornication” (Math. 19:9) and interpreted as a possibility to accept divorces. The phrase was put into Hebrew/Aramaic context of 1st century Judaism and Jewish mentality of the presumed readers of the Matthew Gospel (the phrase...
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Kriegsreden Adolf Hitlers und die Hirtenworte dreier maßgeblicher Vertreter des deutschen Episkopats während des Zweiten Weltkriegs jeweils unter dem Aspekt der religiösen Deutung des Krieges. Bereits in seiner frühen Programmschrift Mein Kampf hat Hitler eine rassistisch fundierte, (pseudo-)religiöse Weltanschauung entfaltet, die er seiner...
Prawo kanoniczne nie zawiera szczegółowych regulacji odnoszących się do sfery umów zawieranych przez instytucje kościelne w obrocie krajowym i międzynarodowym. Prawodawca kościelny odsyła do obowiązujących w tej materii norm prawa państwowego. Ta recepcja obejmuje również umowy prawnoautorskie, których przedmiotem jest udzielenie przez podmiot zagraniczny licencji na wydanie w...
Tomasz I pochodził z rodu Jeleni/Jeleńczyków. Jego ojciec Przybysław był kasztelanem w Sądowelu i panem na Powidzku. Jego wuj Piotr (zm. 1240) był prepozytem kapituły katedralnej. Tomasz I na pewno nie zakończył swojej edukacji na poziomie miejscowej szkoły katedralnej, lecz podjął dalszą naukę na zagranicznych uczelniach, zapewne we Włoszech, i to najprawdopodobniej zwieńczoną...