Performance Review of Distillation Equipment Using An Evaporator

Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material e-ISSN: 2579-7433 Sriwijayasih, Sumardiono & Khilyatul Auliya, Vol. 8, No. 2, November 2024, Hal: 175-181 Performance Review of Distillation Equipment Using An Evaporator Imaniah Sriwijayasih, 2)Sumardiono, 3)Prativi Khilyatul Auliya Department of Marine Engineering, Shipbuilding Institute of Polytechnic Surabaya, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia *E-mail: Submitted: 19.10.2024, Accepted: 07.11.2024, Publish: 08.11.2024 1)* 1,2,3) Abstract In the framework of current energy savings, increased equipment efficiency is necessary to avoid wasting energy. It is well known that fossil-fueled energy continues to rise and is quickly exhausted, so we need alternative energy that is not rapidly depleted, energy is easily obtained. This equipment can be applied in the laboratory, pharmacy, hospital, etc. In the refining process in the laboratory, the results of the first distillation of distilled water are usually not used anymore as a high-value product; aquadest. Aquadest is water from the distillation process. The purpose of this research is to review the evaporator in the distillation equipment to obtain a product in the form of distilled water by examining the physical and chemical properties of distilled water. The method used in this design is the design of the structural and functional design. In the process of heating the water in the evaporator, the volume was varied. From the research, the performance of the equipment and aquabidest distilled water with energy consumption (SFC) is 1,1471597129 optimum kwh / kg of steam at the volume of 1 liter. The optimum time is at a temperature of 1000C and in 1 hour, produces distilled water with levels TDS 9 mg/L and, a decent pH 6.12 used for practical purposes in the laboratory. Keywords: aquadest, chemical, condenser, distillation, evaporator. Abstrak Dalam rangka penghematan energi saat ini, peningkatan efisiensi peralatan diperlukan untuk menghindari pemborosan energi. Sebagaimana diketahui energi berbahan bakar fosil terus meningkat dan cepat habis, sehingga diperlukan energi alternatif yang tidak cepat habis, dan energi yang mudah dijumpai. Peralatan ini dapat diaplikasikan di laboratorium, farmasi, rumah sakit, dll. Pada proses pemurnian di laboratorium, hasil penyulingan pertama air suling biasanya tidak digunakan lagi sebagai produk yang bernilai tinggi; akuades. Aquadest merupakan air hasil proses penyulingan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meninjau evaporator pada peralatan destilasi untuk memperoleh produk berupa air sulingan dengan mengkaji sifat fisik dan kimia air suling. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini adalah perancangan struktur dan perancangan fungsional. Pada proses pemanasan air di dalam evaporator volumenya divariasikan. Dari hasil penelitian, kinerja peralatan aquabidest dan aquabidest dengan konsumsi energi (SFC) optimum adalah 1,1471597129 kwh/kg steam pada volume 1 liter. Waktu optimum adalah pada suhu 1000C dan dalam waktu 1 jam, menghasilkan aquades dengan kadar TDS 9 mg/L dan pH 6,12 yang layak digunakan untuk keperluan praktikum di laboratorium. Kata kunci : aquades, kimia, kondensor, destilasi, evaporator 1. Introduction Renewable energy is a solution to the conventional energy crisis, including electrical energy. Electrical energy is an energy that is widely used in everyday life. Energy has been used since the past, and because of the energy crisis. The energy crisis, especially electricity, that occurred towards the end of the 20th century is a sign that the supply of electrical energy cannot keep up with the high rate of demand [1]. Nowadays, the manufacture of equipment relies heavily on electricity, including the manufacture of Aquadest distillation equipment which uses electrical energy. The distillation equipment it self is a -175- Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material e-ISSN: 2579-7433 Sriwijayasih, Sumardiono & Khilyatul Auliya, Vol. 8, No. 2, November 2024, Hal: 175-181 tool that applies several methods to produce clean and good water by stages or distillation. The water distillation equipment uses the concept of differences between boiling points and melting points of the chemicals that make up water. In this system, two processes occur, namely evaporation and condensation. The process of making distilled water begins when raw water is boiled at a temperature of around 1000C (water boiling point) using a boiler/heater. When the water temperature reaches boiling point, the water will evaporate. When water vapor comes into contact with an area with a low temperature, the water vapor will condense and fall as water droplets. This distiller is capable of producing distilled water through a distillation process that utilizes electrical energy and changes it into a mechanical distillation process [2]. These water droplets are then collected into distilled water. Aquadest is a vital ingredient in a laboratory. According to [3] the need for distilled water is very large because distilled water is the main solvent in practical activities in the laboratory. Clean water which comes from PDAM (Regional Drinking Water Company) is different from Aquadest. Clean water that comes from PDAM has gone through human treatment such as filtration and chlorination, but those process does not allow pure PDAM water to be clean because it is included in group B, odorless and tasteless. Aquadest and PDAM water certainly have different qualities and ion contents. Both are placed in an external electric field. The use of Aquadest is of course very important, especially in a laboratory environment. The conductivity parameter is used to determine the quality of distilled water because conductivity produces a non-specific measure of ion content. According to [4] there are several distillation methods developed for water desalination technology, namely: simple distillation, single distillation, multiple effect distillation, multilevel distillation, vapor compression distillation, and the latest is the Renfro-distiller method. Apart from distillation methods which continue to develop, alternative energy is utilized in the process. Aquadest processing is also being developed, as is done by using waste heat from power generating machines as an energy source. In a distillation equipment without modification, after passing through the condenser, the water will enter the heater as raw material for distilled water. When the water in the heater increases by a large amount, it will affect the water temperature in the heater as a whole. A decrease in the water temperature in the heater will affect the amount of water vapor produced, this is in line with [5] who says that the smaller the volume of feed water, the greater the efficiency, and the more steam produced will be. In a series of modified distillation equipment, the water temperature in the heater is not affected by the addition of water because the incoming water flow is very small. Distillation is (...truncated)