Medical Mycology

List of Papers (Total 781)

Comparison of four commercialized biochemical systems for clinical yeast identification by colour-producing reactions

We compared the ability of four commercially available yeast identification systems for routine laboratory hospital use: Auxacolor® (AUX) (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Marne-la-Coquette), Fungichrom® I (FUC) and Fungifast® ITwin (FUF) (International Microbio, Toulon), Api Candida® (API) (bio Mérieux, Lyon). These systems are based on obtaining a biochemical profile easily defined...

Ultrastructural characterization of the agent of systemic yeast infection of owl monkeys

Systemic infection by an unclassified yeast-like organism has been encountered sporadically in wild-caught owl monkeys (Aotus sp.) from SouthAmerica. The infection is presumably acquired in the wild; the incubation period ranges from months to years. The disease is indolent and clinical signs are non-specific. The diagnosis is based on histopathologic observation of yeast-like...

Phylogeny and taxonomy of the family Arthrodermataceae (dermatophytes) using sequence analysis of the ribosomal ITS region

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, covering the ITS1, ITS2 and 5·8S ribosomal DNA was used to evaluate phylogenetic relationships within the fungal family Arthrodermataceae. Sequences of variable length, ranging between 522 and 684 base pairs were aligned. An unrooted consensus tree based on parsimony analysis showed Trichophyton to be polyphyletic, and Microsporum to...

A randomized, comparative trial of treatment of kerion celsi with griseofulvin plus oral prednisolone vs. griseofulvin alone

Glucocorticoids are often recommended along with oral antifungals in the treatment of kerion celsi. In this randomized study, the efficacy of combination therapy with oral griseofulvin and oral prednisolone (n = 17) was compared to oral griseofulvin alone (n = 13) in the treatment of kerion celsi. Both groups were treated with oral griseofulvin for 8 weeks whereas oral...

Fungemia during murine cryptococcosis sheds some light on pathophysiology

We studied fungemia over time in outbred mice infected with Cryptococcus neoformans and looked at its relationship with the intravenous (i.v.) inoculum size, tissue burden and survival. Fungemia was evaluated by culture of 10 µl of peripheral blood from living mice or by culture of buffy coats from sacrificed animals. For all inoculum sizes studied, fungemia could last several...

Book Review

A description of cutaneous-subcutaneous pythiosis in fifteen dogs

M. J. Dykstra, N. J. H. Sharp, T. Olivry, A. Hillier, K. M. Murphy, L. Kaufman, G. A. Kunkle, C. Pucheu-Haston; A description of cutaneous-subcutaneous pyt

Increased susceptibility to systemic candidiasis in interleukin-6 deficient mice

F. H. J. Van Enckevort, M. G. Netea, A. R. M. M. Hermus, C. G. J. Sweep, J. F. G. M. Meis, J. W. M. Van Der Meer, Bart Jan Kullberg; Increased susceptibili

D-arabinitol — a marker for invasive candidiasis

B. Christensson, G. Sigmundsdottir, L. Larsson; D-arabinitol — a marker for invasive candidiasis, Medical Mycology, Volume 37, Issue 6, 1 January 1999, Pag

Antioxidant systems in the pathogenic fungi of man and their role in virulence

A. J. Hamilton, M. D. Holdom; Antioxidant systems in the pathogenic fungi of man and their role in virulence, Medical Mycology, Volume 37, Issue 6, 1 Janua

Comments on recent human infections caused by ascomycetes

J. Guarro; Comments on recent human infections caused by ascomycetes, Medical Mycology, Volume 36, Issue 5, 1 January 1998, Pages 349, https://doi.org/10.1

Pityriasis versicolor with a unique clinical appearance

We experienced an atypical case of pityriasis versicolor with a unique clinical appearance and undescribed mycological features. Although Malassezia sp. was cultured from the keratotic material, the fungal elements observed in the material were not readily identified as Malassezia. The diagnosis was established with the aid of immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies with...

Comparison of six extraction techniques for isolation of DNA from filamentous fungi

Filamentous fungi have a sturdy cell wall which is resistant to the usual DNA extraction procedures. We determined the DNA extraction procedure with the greatest yield of high quality fungal DNA and the leastpredilection for cross-contamination of equipment between specimens. Each of six extraction methods was performed using Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae. The six methods were:(1...

Detection of PCR-amplified fungal DNA by using a PCR-ELISA system

In order to speed up and standardize polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of medically important fungi in clinical samples we established a combination of commercially available kits for DNA extraction, PCR amplification and detection of the amplicons. The PCR plate assay proved to be as sensitive and specific as our previously published assay (5 cfu ml−1 blood...

Corrigendum

Antifungal activity of a new triazole, voriconazole (UK-109,496), compared with three other antifungal agents tested against clinical isolates of filamentous fungi

Voriconazole is a new triazole antifungal agent with potent activity against yeast and moulds. We investigated the in vitro activity of voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine against 51 clinical isolates of filamentous fungi. Overall, voriconazole was active (MIC50, 0·5 mgl-1 and MIC90, 8 mgl-1) against these mould isolates. Voriconazole was most active...

Emmonsiosis of rodents in an agroecosystem

Adiaspores of Emmonsia crescens were foundin the lungs of 62·1% of 87 adult rodents from 10 windbreaks compared to only 8·2% of 184 adult rodents caught in 10 adjacent arable fields in South Moravia, Czechland. A significantly higher mean weight proportion of plant remnants (predominantly small roots) was present in the soil from windbreaks (0·74%) than from fields (0·24%). In...

Serodiagnosis of histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and penicilliosis marneffei; current status and future trends

Effective serodiagnosis of systemic fungal infections is of increasing importance, particularly with regard to the identification of infection with Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Penicillium marneffei. Methodology has been based either around antibody or antigen detection, although there is clear overlap between the two. Antibody-based detection systems...

Coccidioidomycosis in Tulare County, California, 1991: reemergence of an endemic disease

In 1991, 1208 cases of coccidioidomycosis were reported to the California Department of Health Services, compared with an annual average of 450 during 1986–90. We conducted a study in Tulare County to define the epidemiology of the disease and identify risk factors for severe disease, focusing on the epidemic period September 1991–December 1991. To identify cases, we used data...

Rabbit as an animal model of paranasal sinus mycoses

Paranasal sinus mycoses are endemic in rural populations of northern India. To study host-parasite interactions, we developed an animal model of paranasal sinus mycoses. After failure in small animals such as mice and rats, we used New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2·5–3 kg. Inoculum sizes consisted of 0·75–1·0 × 108, 0·75–1·0 × 107, 0·75–1·0 × 106 conidia of a clinical isolate...

Contact-sensing by hyphae of dermatophytic and saprophytic fungi

Contact-sensing or thigmotropism is the directional growth response of cells in relation to topographical guidance cues. Thigmotropism is thought to play a major role in the location of infectable sites on plants by phytopathogenic fungi and has recently been shown to be a property of hyphae in the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Here we show that hyphae of the...

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor therapy of experimental cryptococcal meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis was induced in mice using intracerebral injection of Cryptococcus neoformans. Beginning either 3 days before or 1 day after infection, mice were treated with human recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (hGCSF). In high doses hGCSF reduced the brain tissue burden of C. neoformans but had no effect on survival. The effect of hGCSF was dependent...

Changes in plasmatic biochemical parameters during experimental murine paracoccidioidomycosis

Determinations of plasma cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, total proteins, bilirubin, aspartate transaminases (AST), glucose, iron and total iron binding capacity were evaluated after 15 and 90 days of intraperitoneal infection with 5 × 106 virulent yeasts of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Pb 18 isolate in resistant (A/J) and susceptible (B10.A) mice. Significant...

Unusual mould infection of the human stratum corneum

Two atopic siblings presented with unilateral chronic scaly plantar lesions. Histology revealed the presence of fungi with unusual morphological aspects. Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Phoma spp., respectively, grew on repeated cultures. Dermatophytes were absent. Such opportunistic fungal infections of the stratum corneum are extremely rare.